【題目】語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)

【1】She has improved her English a lot by watching the________（演講）from TED.

【2】It’s a tradition for a Chinese family to buy a new________（掛歷）when the new year is drawing near.

【3】Can your brother pass these________（氣球）to his teammates?

【4】My friends always try to do everything________（不同）.

【5】He has________（從事）Qigong therapy to help people with their problems for three years.

【6】Can you offer me some________（寶貴的）advice?

【7】Luckily, waste pollution has________(pay) more attention to.

【8】The woman waited for half an hour but the bus didn’t come. Then she became________(patient) and decided to take a taxi.

【9】Linda is so outgoing that you make friends with her________(easy).

【10】He was________(luck) to lose all the books borrowed from the library.

【11】He pushed away the large stone with all his________(strong).

【12】The house will look a little bigger if its walls________(paint) blue or white.

【13】At that moment he realized that his son________(prefer) staying with him to getting a lot of pocket money.

【14】The teacher gave us some________(suggest) on speaking English.

【15】Do you really think the film is worth________(watch) so many times?

【答案】

【1】speeches

【2】calendar

【3】balloons

【4】differently

【5】practiced

【6】valuable

【7】been paid

【8】impatient

【9】easily

【10】unlucky

【11】strength

【12】are painted

【13】preferred

【14】suggestions

【15】watching

【解析】

【1】句意：她通過(guò)觀看TED演講大大地提高了她的英語(yǔ)。

根據(jù)單詞的漢語(yǔ)意思可知，這里考查的是speech，是一個(gè)名詞。TED演講是有很多的，這里應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故答案為speeches。

【2】句意：當(dāng)新年臨近的時(shí)候，買一本新的掛歷是中國(guó)家庭的傳統(tǒng)。

根據(jù)單詞的意思可知，這里考查的是calendar，是一個(gè)名詞�？涨坝胁欢ü谠~a修飾，表示“一個(gè)……”，名詞用單數(shù)。故答案為calendar。

【3】句意：你的弟弟會(huì)把這些氣球遞給他的隊(duì)員們嗎？

根據(jù)單詞的意思可知，這里考查的是balloon，是一個(gè)名詞�？涨暗男揎椩~是these，意為“這些”，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故答案為balloons。

【4】句意：我的朋友們總是嘗試用不同的方式做每件事。

根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空修飾動(dòng)詞do，應(yīng)用副詞形式。結(jié)合所給的漢語(yǔ)意思，應(yīng)用differently，意為“不同地”。故答案為differently。

【5】句意：他練習(xí)氣功療法幫助人們解決問(wèn)題已經(jīng)三年了。

根據(jù)所給單詞的漢語(yǔ)意思可知，這里考查practice，意為“練習(xí)，從事”，是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。由句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for three years可知，這句話應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，空前有了has，這個(gè)空應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式。故答案為practiced。

【6】句意：你能給我一些寶貴的建議嗎？

根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這個(gè)空應(yīng)用形容詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾后面的名詞advice，結(jié)合單詞的意思可知，這里用valuable。故答案為valuable。

【7】句意：幸運(yùn)的是，垃圾污染已經(jīng)被更多的關(guān)注了。

pay支付，這里用于短語(yǔ)pay attention to，意為“關(guān)注……，注意……”。根據(jù)句意可知，主語(yǔ)waste pollution與動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；且這句話應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成是have/has been+過(guò)去分詞。故答案為been paid。

【8】句意：這個(gè)女士等了半個(gè)小時(shí)，但公交車沒(méi)有來(lái)。然后她變得沒(méi)有了耐心，決定坐出租車。

patient有耐心的，是一個(gè)形容詞。根據(jù)句意 “…and decided to take a taxi”可知，這個(gè)女士沒(méi)有了耐心，應(yīng)填反義詞。故答案為impatient。

【9】句意：Linda是如此的外向以至于你可以很輕松地和她交朋友。

easy容易的，是一個(gè)形容詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空修飾的是動(dòng)詞make friends，應(yīng)用副詞形式。故答案為easily。

【10】句意：他很不幸丟失了從圖書(shū)館借來(lái)的所有的書(shū)。

luck運(yùn)氣，是一個(gè)名詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空應(yīng)用形容詞在句中作表語(yǔ)。且結(jié)合句意 “…to lose all the books”可知，他是“不幸運(yùn)的”。故答案為unlucky。

【11】句意：他用了他所有的力氣推開(kāi)了那塊大石頭。

strong強(qiáng)壯的，是一個(gè)形容詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里應(yīng)用名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故答案為strength。

【12】句意：如果它的墻被刷成藍(lán)色或白色，這座房子看起來(lái)很更大一點(diǎn)。

paint繪畫(huà)，給……刷上，是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知，主語(yǔ)walls與動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)be+過(guò)去分詞；if從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。故答案為are painted。

【13】句意：在那一刻，他意識(shí)到比起得到一大筆零用錢，他的兒子更愿意和他呆在一起。

prefer偏愛(ài)，更喜歡，是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中that引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中時(shí)態(tài)與主句一致，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞realized是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句中也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故答案為preferred。

【14】句意：關(guān)于說(shuō)英語(yǔ)老師給了我們一些建議。

suggest建議，是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里應(yīng)用名詞作賓語(yǔ)�？涨坝�some修飾，表示“一些”，名詞用復(fù)數(shù)。故答案為suggestions。

【15】句意：你真的認(rèn)為這部電影值得看這么多次嗎？

watch觀看，是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。這句話中使用了句型be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，這里應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式。故答案為watching。

這個(gè)題目是單詞拼寫(xiě)和用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，考查單詞在具體語(yǔ)境中的使用。單詞拼寫(xiě)給出了漢語(yǔ)意思，學(xué)生們可以根據(jù)詞義先確定單詞，然后根據(jù)單詞在句中的作用以及句中使用的時(shí)態(tài)或句型，填寫(xiě)單詞的適當(dāng)形式。例如第3小題，根據(jù)詞義可知考查balloon，再由these可知填名詞復(fù)數(shù)。用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空�？疾橐恍┰~類的基本用法、固定句型、時(shí)態(tài)等知識(shí)點(diǎn)。這幾個(gè)題目中考查了詞性轉(zhuǎn)換、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等，如第12小題，paint繪畫(huà)，給……刷上，是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知，主語(yǔ)walls與動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)be+過(guò)去分詞；if從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。故答案為are painted。再如第15小題，考查了句型be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”。

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