【題目】 In China, safety education is becoming more and more important now. It helps students learn more about _______ they should do to keep themselves safe. Stampedes(踩踏) and fires are the main _______ at school.

A stampede always happens in _______ places. When students around you begin to push(), just stand there and try to hold onto something. If you _______ in the crowd, move to one side and protect your head with your hands _______.

When there’s a _______, leave the classroom quickly. It’s better to put _______ over your mouth and nose. In this way, you won’t breathe(呼吸) in smoke. Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but smoke. It makes them _______ and they can’t breathe. That’s very dangerous! _______ when you want to get out, you should make yourself ____________ to the floor. Then you can breathe some fresh air.

1A.howB.whyC.whatD.when

2A.accidentsB.problemsC.questionsD.lessons

3A.busyB.crowdedC.dirtyD.small

4A.get lostB.become madC.fall downD.get hurt

5A.onB.behindC.underD.around

6A.smokeB.fireC.floodD.earthquake

7A.anything wetB.anything dryC.something wetD.something dry

8A.cryB.coughC.shoutD.blind

9A.AndB.ButC.SoD.Also

10A.nearB.awayC.farD.close

【答案】

1C

2A

3B

4C

5D

6B

7C

8B

9C

10D

【解析】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了學(xué)校常見的事故以及逃生方法。

1句意:它有助于學(xué)生更多地了解他們應(yīng)該做些什么來(lái)保證自己的安全。

考查賓語(yǔ)從句疑問(wèn)詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格處疑問(wèn)詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ),故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C選項(xiàng)為關(guān)系代詞,故選C。

2句意:踩踏和火災(zāi)是學(xué)校的主要事故。

考查名詞。A. accidents事故;B. problems問(wèn)題;C. questions問(wèn)題;D. lessons課程。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知,踩踏和火災(zāi)是事故,A選項(xiàng)符合句意,故選A。

3句意:踩踏事件總是發(fā)生在擁擠的地方。

考查形容詞。A. busy忙碌的;B. crowded擁擠的;C. dirty臟的;D. small小的。根據(jù)下文When students around you begin to push(), just stand there and try to hold onto something可知,踩踏事件通常發(fā)生在擁擠的人群中。B選項(xiàng)符合句意,故選B

4句意:如果你在人群中摔倒,應(yīng)采用側(cè)臥姿勢(shì),并用雙手保護(hù)住你的頭。

考查動(dòng)詞詞組。A. get lost迷路;B. become mad發(fā)瘋;C. fall down摔倒;D. get hurt受傷。通讀本段內(nèi)容可知,本段主要講的是踩踏事故,故本句說(shuō)的是如果在人群中摔倒該怎么避免被踩踏。C選項(xiàng)符合句意,故選C。

5句意:如果你在人群中摔倒,應(yīng)采用側(cè)臥姿勢(shì),并用雙手保護(hù)住你的頭。

考查介詞。A. on在……上面;B. behind在……后面;C. under在……下面;D. around環(huán)繞。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知,當(dāng)在人群中摔倒時(shí),應(yīng)該用雙手環(huán)繞住頭,護(hù)著頭不被人群踩踏。D選項(xiàng)符合句意,故選D

6句意:當(dāng)發(fā)生火災(zāi)時(shí),趕快離開教室。

考查名詞。A. smoke煙霧;B. fire火災(zāi);C. flood洪水;D. earthquake地震。本段主要內(nèi)容都在說(shuō)如何從火災(zāi)中逃生的,故空格處應(yīng)填入意為“火災(zāi)”的名詞。B選項(xiàng)符合句意,故選B。

7句意:你最好在嘴和鼻子上用濕的東西捂著。

考查不定代詞。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知,在火災(zāi)中,應(yīng)該用些諸如濕毛巾的濕潤(rùn)物,來(lái)保持呼吸道的暢通,故含有dryBD選項(xiàng)可排除。根據(jù)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法,something通常用于肯定句,anything通常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句。本句為肯定句,故空格處應(yīng)填入something wet,故應(yīng)選C。

8句意:(煙霧)使他們咳嗽,不能呼吸。

考查動(dòng)詞。A. cry哭泣;B. cough咳嗽;C. shout叫喊;D. blind失明。結(jié)合上文可知,句子主語(yǔ)It指代上文的煙霧,火災(zāi)中的煙霧會(huì)使人咳嗽,無(wú)法呼吸。B選項(xiàng)符合句意,故選B。

9句意:所以當(dāng)你想出去的時(shí)候,你應(yīng)該貼近地板。

考查連詞。A. And和;B. But但是;C. So所以;D. Also也。結(jié)合上文可知,煙霧會(huì)使人窒息,所以要想從火災(zāi)中逃出來(lái),應(yīng)該身子盡量貼近地板,避免口鼻接觸煙霧。C選項(xiàng)符合句意,故選C。

10句意:所以當(dāng)你想出去的時(shí)候,你應(yīng)該貼近地板。

考查介詞。A. near靠近;B. away離開;C. far遠(yuǎn)離;D. close接近。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知,要想從火災(zāi)中逃出來(lái),應(yīng)該身子盡量貼近地板,避免口鼻接觸煙霧,B、C選項(xiàng)可排除。A、D選項(xiàng)都有“接近、靠近”的意思,區(qū)別是near作介詞時(shí)可直接使用,而close作介詞必須在后面加上to。D選項(xiàng)符合句子結(jié)構(gòu),故選D。

做完形填空題時(shí),一般多從上下文語(yǔ)境和語(yǔ)法角度尋找答案,本題稍顯特殊,因?yàn)榍昂笪恼Z(yǔ)境無(wú)法給出太多提示,所以多數(shù)小題以安全常識(shí)和語(yǔ)法角度為根據(jù)進(jìn)行解題,這也要求學(xué)生在平時(shí)要對(duì)一些生活常識(shí)有所積累。

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