【題目】 Fear may be in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.

Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting (收縮) and pumping blood around their bodies, compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain reacts to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.

Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said: "Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart."

The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr. Garfinkel said, "The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see-and guide whether we see fear."

To further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner (掃描儀) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.

"We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain 'speak' to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear, "Dr. Garfinkel said.

"We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety (焦慮) disorders, and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder."

【1】What is the finding of the study?

A.One's heart influences how he feels fear.

B.Fear is a result of one's heartbeat.

C.Fear can't be felt because of one's relaxed heartbeat.

D.One's fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.

【2】The study was carried out by studying________.

A.volunteers' heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures

B.the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions

C.volunteers' reactions to horrible pictures and results from their brain scans

D.different pictures shown to volunteers and their heartbrain communication

【3】Which of the following is closest in meaning to "mechanism" in Paragraph 6?

A.Order.B.System.C.Machine.D.Treatment.

【4】This study may contribute to________.

A.treating anxiety and stress better

B.explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety

C.finding the key to the heartbrain communication

D.understanding different fears in our hearts and heads

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】B

【4】A

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了對(duì)20名健康的志愿者進(jìn)行的恐懼反應(yīng)試驗(yàn)，告訴讀者大腦與心臟都能感知到恐懼，而且心臟跳動(dòng)的周期與人們感知恐懼的機(jī)會(huì)有關(guān)聯(lián)。這份研究成果未來(lái)有望更成功地用于治療憂(yōu)慮癥以及應(yīng)激障礙疾病。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear”可知依據(jù)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：心跳循環(huán)與人感知恐懼是有關(guān)聯(lián)的。故選A。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)的介紹在3-6段。找到“Para.4.The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces.”可知這項(xiàng)研究對(duì)20名健康的志愿者試驗(yàn)了當(dāng)他們看到恐懼面孔圖片時(shí)的反應(yīng)，以及Para.5.“the scientists also used a brain scanner（掃描儀）to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.”可知為了演示大腦是如何影響心臟改變?nèi)藢?duì)恐懼的感知方式，科學(xué)家們還使用掃描儀，可推測(cè)出是志愿者們對(duì)恐懼圖片的反應(yīng)以及來(lái)自大腦掃描儀的數(shù)據(jù)。故選C。

【3】詞義猜測(cè)題。Order順序；System.體系統(tǒng)；Machine.機(jī)械Treatment.治療；根據(jù)“by which the heart and brain 'speak' to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear”可知通過(guò)這種機(jī)制，心臟和大腦可以相互‘溝通’，從而改變我們的感覺(jué)，減少恐懼，mechanism是心臟與大腦交流的一個(gè)完整系統(tǒng)，可推測(cè)出該單詞的意思是“系統(tǒng)”，故選B。

【4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety (焦慮) disorders, and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder”可知我們可以開(kāi)發(fā)更多的成功治療焦慮障礙，也為那些可能患有嚴(yán)重的應(yīng)激障礙，故選A。

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