【題目】 The human body is a machine that can raise lots of interesting questions. Why, for example, are yawns（呵欠）contagious（傳染的）? What's up with ice-cream headaches? Here are answers to these and other questions about our bodies.

Why do I get a headache when I eat ice cream too quickly?

Scientists aren't exactly sure what causes the brain freeze when we eat ice cream or other super cold foods too quickly, though some believe it's the result of changed blood .flow in the nervous system. Blood vessels in the head tighten to stop the loss of body heat and then relax to let blood flow rise; that sudden rush of blood is what causes the headache. You can improve an ice-cream headache by rapidly rubbing your tongue across the roof of your mouth to help warm up things.

What causes my stomach to make a low continuous noise when I'm hungry?

Actually, your stomach makes noise whether you're hungry or full; you just hear it more clearly when you're hungry. Think of your digestive tract（消化道）as a really long tube lined with smooth muscle tissue. These muscles move food, fluids and gas through your digestive tract. ____________________________. It can make you feel embarrassed尷尬的）but is nothing to worry about.

Why do I blush when I'm embarrassed?

When you're embarrassed, your brain releases a shot of adrenaline（腎上腺素）, which makes your heart race and blood vessels become larger in size. All this happens to increase blood flow and oxygen delivery throughout the body in a fight-or-flight reaction（對抗反應）. There are a lot of tiny blood vessels in your face, which turn noticeably redder from this sudden rush of blood. As for the actual function of blushing, researchers are still trying to find that one out.

Why are yawns contagious?

Have you ever yawned in front of someone, only to have them yawn right back? It's a common thing, but researchers don't have a good explanation for it. They do, however, know this happens only with humans and chimpanzees(黑猩猩）. A bigger question puzzling scientists is why we yawn at all. It used to be thought that yawning showed that oxygen to the brain was not enough, but that's just a myth. A growing body of research now shows that yawning is nature's way of keeping our brains cool.

【1】What is the meaning of the underlined word tighten?

A. 變松B. 變緊C. 變短D. 變長

【2】Which of the following sentences can be filled in the blank?

A. And that's what you're hearing when your stomach makes noise.

B. And that's why you're so hungry when your stomach is empty

C. And that's what makes you feel uncomfortable when you're full.

D. And that's how it makes a difference to your digestive tract.

【3】Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. There is no way for you to improve an ice-cream headache.

B. Researchers have found out the actual function of blushing.

C. Your stomach makes noise only when you are hungry.

D. Researchers don't have a good explanation for why yawns are contagious.

【4】What is the best title of the passage?

A. Some Interesting FactsB. Our Strange Body

C. Some Useful DiscoveriesD. Our Amazing Feelings

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】D

【4】B

【解析】

本篇文章難度適中，主要講述我們身體的一些有趣的問題，包括吃冰激凌太快會頭痛、尷尬時會臉紅、哈欠會傳染。

【1】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)Blood vessels in the head tighten to stop the loss of body heat and then relax to let blood flow rise可知，頭部的血管收緊，以阻止身體熱量的流失，然后放松，讓血液流動起來，所以tighten的含義為“變緊”，故選B。

【2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)What causes my stomach to make a low continuous noise when I'm hungry可知，本段主要講述為什么胃會有聲音，接下來開始給出原因，根據(jù)These muscles move food, fluids and gas through your digestive tract“這些肌肉通過你的消化道移動食物、液體和氣體”，這就是你聽到的你的胃發(fā)出聲音時，故選A。

【3】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)You can improve an ice-cream headache by rapidly rubbing your tongue across the roof of your mouth to help warm up things可知，有方法改善冰激凌頭疼狀況，排除A；As for the actual function of blushing, researchers are still trying to find that one out可知，研究人員仍在努力尋找答案，排除B；根據(jù)Actually, your stomach makes noise whether you're hungry or full; you just hear it more clearly when you're hungry可知，你餓了或者飽了你的胃都會發(fā)出聲音，排除C；根據(jù)Have you ever yawned in front of someone, only to have them yawn right back? It's a common thing, but researchers don't have a good explanation for it可知，關于打哈欠為什么會傳染研究者也沒有好的解釋，故選D。

【4】主旨大意題。本文主要講述我們身體的一些有趣的問題，包括吃冰激凌太快會頭痛、尷尬時會臉紅、哈欠會傳染。所以是“奇怪的身體”，故選B。

解答詞義猜測題時，可以使用如下技巧：1、根據(jù)上下文來猜測詞義；2、通過同義詞或近義詞來猜測詞義；3、通過構詞法來猜測詞義；4、通過定義或釋義來猜測詞義；5、通過句法功能來猜測詞義；6、通過轉折和因果關系來猜測詞義；7. 通過生活常識來猜測詞義。對于這類題采取“代入法”也非常有效，即將備選答案逐一代入文中，哪一個選項能使句子的意思通順、連貫，且與上下文的內容一致，哪一個選項就是該題的正確答案。例如第1題。

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