Question

【題目】 When Tom was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him doing too much housework. But when Tom was an adult, he had more job satisfaction, a better marriage (婚姻) and was healthier. Most of all, he was far happier.

These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more worthwhile lives than those who had not. "Boys who worked in the home or community gained the ability to do things well and came to feel they were useful members of society," said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理學(xué)家) who made the discovery. "And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them."

Vaillant's study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men's mental-health (心理健康) scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problem.

The relationship between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with different people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been out of job. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.

【1】What do we knew about Tom?

A.He got little love from his parents.

B.He enjoyed his career and marriage.

C.He had few friends in his childhood.

D.He was disliked by others when young.

【2】Vaillant's word, in Paragraph 2 serve as ________.

A.a description of personal values and social values

B.an explanation why some boys grew into happy men

C.an example for parents' expectations of their children

D.an analysis of the relationship between work and ability

【3】Vaillant's team got their findings by ________.

A.studying the men's mental health

B.recording the boys' effort in school

C.comparing different sets of scores

D.deciding the men's problem-solving ability

【4】What does the underlined word "sharp" mean in Paragraph 4?

A.嚴(yán)厲的B.敏銳的C.穩(wěn)定的D.明顯的

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】B

【3】C

【4】D

【解析】

本文談?wù)摿诵�時(shí)候多做家務(wù)，多實(shí)踐活動(dòng)，他們成年后會(huì)有更滿意的工作，更美好的婚姻，更快樂(lè)了。人小時(shí)候的所作所為和成年后的表現(xiàn)之間的聯(lián)系很明顯，那些做過(guò)最多童年活動(dòng)的人與不同的人有著親密關(guān)系的可能性是其他人的兩倍，高薪的可能性是其他人的5倍，失業(yè)的可能性低于前者的16倍。研究人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)，智商和家庭的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)階層對(duì)男孩的成長(zhǎng)沒(méi)有實(shí)質(zhì)性的影響。

【1】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第1段第3句“But when Tom was an adult, he had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier.（但當(dāng)湯姆成年后，他對(duì)工作更滿意，婚姻更美滿，更健康。）”可知他很喜歡他的事業(yè)和婚姻；故選B。

【2】

主旨大意題。第2段意思是：“這是一項(xiàng)為期40年的研究的結(jié)果，該研究跟蹤了來(lái)自波士頓的456名十幾歲男孩的生活。這項(xiàng)研究表明，那些小時(shí)候工作過(guò)的人比那些沒(méi)有工作過(guò)的人更快樂(lè)、更有價(jià)值�！薄霸诩彝セ蛏鐓^(qū)工作的男孩獲得了把事情做好的能力，并開(kāi)始覺(jué)得他們是社會(huì)中有用的一員，”做出這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的心理學(xué)家喬治·維蘭特說(shuō)，“因?yàn)樗麄冏孕�，其他人也�?duì)他們感覺(jué)滿意。” 可知維蘭特在第2段中的話解釋了為什么有些男孩會(huì)成長(zhǎng)為快樂(lè)的男人。故選B。

【3】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第3段意思是：維蘭特的研究對(duì)這些雄性進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的研究。在25歲、31歲和47歲時(shí)，重復(fù)進(jìn)行訪談。在維蘭特的研究中，研究人員將男性的心理健康（心理健康）得分與他們童年時(shí)期的活動(dòng)得分進(jìn)行了比較。兼職工作、家務(wù)、在學(xué)校的努力程度和處理問(wèn)題的能力都會(huì)得到分?jǐn)?shù)。我們可知維蘭特的研究小組通過(guò)比較不同的分?jǐn)?shù)組得到了他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選C。

【4】

詞意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文“Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with different people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been out of job.（那些做過(guò)最多童年活動(dòng)的人與不同的人有著親密關(guān)系的可能性是其他人的兩倍，高薪的可能性是其他人的5倍，失業(yè)的可能性低于前者的16倍。）”可知此句“The relationship between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp.”句意：這些人小時(shí)候的所作所為和成年后的表現(xiàn)之間的關(guān)系驚人地明顯。可知"sharp"的意思是“明顯的”。故選D。