【題目】

A. shoot B. convince C. entertain D. inform E. accomplish

To be a successful speaker is no easy thing. It is essential for you to know why you are speaking and what you wish to 【1】 by your speech. The four most common purposes of speech are to inform, to convince, to move to action, and to entertain. Do you, like a teacher or an expert in a field, wish to illustrate your ideas in detail to people unfamiliar with your subject so that they can understand your ideas clearly and thoroughly? Or, like a debater, with to 【2】 the judges or the audience? Or, like a fund collector for a naturalist foundation, wish to get money? Or, like a comedian or after-dinner speaker, wish to 【3】? The language and tone you use must be proper for your purpose, for your audience, and for the occasion. A speech to the graduating class will have quite different language, tone and manner from information delivered to a group of your friends.

Furthermore, however talented the speaker is, a talk without enough preparation is usually a failure. To speak without preparing is to 【4】 without taking aim. Decide what your aim or objective is; then state it in a complete topic sentence. Make sure that your subject is definite and not too broad.

【答案】

【1】E

【2】B

【3】C

【4】A

【解析】

這篇短文主要講述了如何成為一個(gè)成功的演說(shuō)家。

【1】句意：你必須知道你為什么要演講，以及你希望通過(guò)演講達(dá)到什么目的。

根據(jù)上文It is essential for you to know why you are speaking可知下文是說(shuō)完成什么目的，accomplish的意思是“完成”wish to do sth.表示希望做某事。根據(jù)題意，故選E。

【2】句意：這樣他們就能清楚徹底地理解你的想法？或者，像一個(gè)辯論者，要說(shuō)服評(píng)委或觀眾？

convince意思是“說(shuō)服”，這里是動(dòng)詞不定式。根據(jù)題意，故選B。

【3】句意：或者，像喜劇演員或飯后演講者一樣，想娛樂(lè)一下？

wish to do sth.表示希望去做某事；entertain表示娛樂(lè)。根據(jù)題意，故選C。

【4】句意：說(shuō)話(huà)不準(zhǔn)備，就是開(kāi)槍不瞄準(zhǔn)。

這里是動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)，shoot射擊。根據(jù)題意，故選A。

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