【題目】六、動(dòng)詞填空 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,并將答案寫在答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上。
【1】–The manager has come back from the business trip. He is asking you for the report.
–Oh, my god! I haven’t finished it yet! But he ___________ (expect) back at the company tomorrow.
【2】I have to leave early in the morning or I ___________ (get) stuck (陷入) in the traffic jam.
【3】–You look tired, what’s the matter?
–I ______ (sleep) on a sofa the whole weekend because my grandparents have been here. I can’t have a good sleep at all.
【4】In the action movie Mulan, the major character dresses up as a boy and takes her father’s place _____ (fight) in the army.
【5】–What a stupid mistake!
–Yes. I ___________ (suggest) you doing it carefully, but without success.
【6】–What was the noise the whole morning?
–Oh, the Zhang family upstairs __________ (decorate) their flat.
【答案】
【1】was expected
【2】will get
【3】am sleeping
【4】to fight
【5】have suggested
【6】were decorating
【解析】
【1】句意:——經(jīng)理出差回來(lái)了,他會(huì)向你要報(bào)告!,天哪,我還沒(méi)用做完。但是他被預(yù)計(jì)明天回公司的。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境:——經(jīng)理出差回來(lái)了,他會(huì)向你要報(bào)告!,天哪,我還沒(méi)做完。但是他被預(yù)計(jì)明天回公司的。可知是過(guò)去預(yù)料他明天會(huì)回來(lái),而且經(jīng)理是被預(yù)計(jì)的,用一般過(guò)去式的被動(dòng)句。其結(jié)構(gòu)是:was/were+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。主語(yǔ)是he,因此be動(dòng)詞用was。故答案為:was expected。
【2】句意:我必須早點(diǎn)離開(kāi),否則我會(huì)被堵車?yán)ё。根?jù)I have to leave early in the morning我必須早點(diǎn)離開(kāi)。說(shuō)明被堵車?yán)ё∈菍⒁l(fā)生的事情,因此用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。一般將來(lái)時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu):shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形(shall用于第一人稱;will用于第二、三人稱,也用于第一人稱)。故答案為:will get。
【3】句意:——你看起來(lái)很累,怎么了?——我整個(gè)周末都睡在沙發(fā)上,因?yàn)槲业淖娓改竵?lái)過(guò)這里。我根本睡不好覺(jué)。從題干中的my grandparents have been here.判斷主句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài),而且我只是因?yàn)樽娓改竵?lái)度周末臨時(shí)睡沙發(fā);因此用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示臨時(shí)性的動(dòng)作。故答案為:am sleeping。
【4】句意:在動(dòng)作片《木蘭》中,主角扮成男孩,代替父親參軍。本題考查take的用法。take one's place to do sth.:代替某人做某事,此處應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的。故答案為:to fight。
【5】句意:——多么愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤! ——是的。我建議你小心點(diǎn)做,但是你聽(tīng)不進(jìn)去。根據(jù)What a stupid mistake! 多么愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤!可以判斷此處是強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響,因此用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。其結(jié)構(gòu)是:have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。主語(yǔ)是I,因此助動(dòng)詞用have。故答案為:have suggested。
【6】句意:——整個(gè)上午都是什么聲音? ——哦,樓上的張家正在裝修他們的公寓。根據(jù)What was the noise the whole morning? 整個(gè)上午都是什么聲音?說(shuō)明樓上的張家裝修公寓是正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。又因?yàn)閱?wèn)句是一般過(guò)去時(shí),所以答語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。指過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。其結(jié)構(gòu)是:was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。本題的主語(yǔ)是the Zhang family,因此be動(dòng)詞用were。故答案為:were decorating。
用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
解題技巧:本題型考查學(xué)生根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)判斷詞形、轉(zhuǎn)換詞形和詞性以及運(yùn)用詞匯組建句子的能力。解題時(shí),首先要領(lǐng)悟和理解句子的意思,根據(jù)所給單詞的詞性及其在句子中的前后搭配關(guān)系,分析和明確其在句子中所要起的語(yǔ)法作用,然后再根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)和詞形轉(zhuǎn)換方面的知識(shí),拼寫出其正確的形式。注意所填寫的單詞必須在意思上和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上與原句相一致。
這種題型考查內(nèi)容主要集中在以下六大類詞匯上:
(一)名詞
考查名詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式之間的轉(zhuǎn)換、名詞與其所有格形式之間的轉(zhuǎn)換以及名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞、動(dòng)詞等。
(二)動(dòng)詞
考查動(dòng)詞不定式及動(dòng)詞-ing形式的運(yùn)用、動(dòng)詞在各種時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)中的詞形變化以及動(dòng)詞與名詞、動(dòng)詞與形容詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換等等。
(三)形容詞和副詞
考查形容詞與名詞、形容詞與副詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)化,形容詞原級(jí)與其比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)之間的轉(zhuǎn)化等等。
(四)數(shù)詞
考查基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。
(五)代詞
考查人稱代詞的主格、賓格、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞性物主代詞以及反身代詞之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換。
(六)其它一些詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換,如動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為介詞等。
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