【題目】短文填空。從下面方框中選出10個(gè)單詞,用它們的適當(dāng)形式填入短文后的空格內(nèi),使短文意思正確、通順(每詞限用一次)。
achieve develop hardly he improve include
nature nearly old provide science value
The winners of one of the greatest prizes in the world-the Nobel Prize--were known last October. According to Alfred Nobel【1】 the prize should go to people who【2】“the greatest benefit (利益) to humankind”already.
Fourteen greatest people,【3】 scientists, politicians and authors, won awards in the prize's six fields. Many of the winners have one thing in common: the【4】 they made dated back years ago. For example, John B. Goodenough, one of the three winners of last year's chemistry prize, is 97,【5】 person ever to win a Nobel Prize. He and the other two scientists won the prize for【6】 the lithium-ion batteries(鋰離子電池)that we use today in mobile phones, laptops and electric cars. His technology first appeared in the 1970s,【7】 50 years ago.
The reason it took so long for this prize to be announced(宣布) is that it takes time to see the real 【8】 of a new breakthrough (突破).“Every year, there are lots of claims(聲稱) of amazing discoveries, and quite a few of them turn out to be not as amazing as everyone thought," said Sven Lidin, former chairman of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry. “We want to make sure that we award those who open the first door into new【9】insight(見解). The whole process always takes a long time, so【10】 there is a delay(延遲)."
【答案】
【1】himself
【2】have provided
【3】including
【4】achievements
【5】the oldest
【6】developing
【7】nearly
【8】value
【9】scientific
【10】naturally
【解析】
本文介紹了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)。諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)應(yīng)該頒給那些已經(jīng)為人類提供了“最大利益”的人,F(xiàn)在有14位偉人在該獎(jiǎng)的六個(gè)領(lǐng)域中獲獎(jiǎng)包括科學(xué)家、政治家和作家。去年化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的三位獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)咧患s翰·B·古德就有97歲,他是獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)年齡最大的人。人們需要時(shí)間來認(rèn)識新突破的真正價(jià)值,因此宣布這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)應(yīng)該花很長的時(shí)間。要確保把諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)?lì)C給那些打開新科學(xué)洞察第一扇門的人。
【1】句意:根據(jù)阿爾弗雷德·諾貝爾本人的說法,諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)應(yīng)該頒給那些已經(jīng)為人類提供了“最大利益”的人。
由語境和所給的單詞可知,應(yīng)該選擇he;根據(jù)“According to Alfred Nobel 1 the prize should go to people who 2 “the greatest benefit (利益) to humankind” already.”可知,諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)應(yīng)該頒給那些已經(jīng)為人類提供了“最大利益”的人。這是諾貝爾本人的初衷。因此應(yīng)該用he的反身代詞himself。故答案為:himself。
【2】句意:根據(jù)阿爾弗雷德·諾貝爾本人的說法,諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)應(yīng)該頒給那些已經(jīng)為人類提供了“最大利益”的人。
由語境和所給的單詞可知,應(yīng)該選擇provide;根據(jù)句中的already可知,該題應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。其結(jié)構(gòu)是:助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。故答案為:have provided。
【3】句意:包括科學(xué)家、政治家和作家在內(nèi)的14位偉人在該獎(jiǎng)的六個(gè)領(lǐng)域中獲獎(jiǎng)。
由語境和所給的單詞可知,應(yīng)該選擇include;including用作介詞,意思是“包括在內(nèi)”它一般用在逗號后面。故答案為:including。
【4】句意:許多獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)哂幸粋(gè)共同點(diǎn):他們多年前取得的成就。
由語境和所給的單詞可知,應(yīng)該選擇achieve;由空前面的the可知,該題應(yīng)該用名詞,achieve的名詞為achievement;再由“they made dated back years ago.”可知,這是定語從句,修飾前面的先行詞,所以前面的名詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故答案為:achievements。
【5】句意:例如,去年化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的三位獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)咧患s翰·B·古德就有97歲,他是獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)年齡最大的人。
由語境和所給的單詞可知,應(yīng)該選擇old;根據(jù)“is 97”和句中的“one of the three winners” 三位獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)咧,可知,這里的形容詞應(yīng)該用最高級。故答案為:the oldest。
【6】句意:他和另外兩位科學(xué)家因開發(fā)我們今天在手機(jī)、筆記本電腦和電動(dòng)汽車中使用的鋰離子電池而獲獎(jiǎng)。
由語境和所給的單詞可知,應(yīng)該選擇develop;空前面的for是介詞,因此后面的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞形式。故答案為:developing。
【7】句意:他的技術(shù)最早出現(xiàn)在20世紀(jì)70年代,也就是近50年前。
由語境和所給的單詞可知,應(yīng)該選擇nearly;nearly 常用來修飾動(dòng)詞、量詞及時(shí)間(或時(shí)間狀語),甚至于修飾程度副詞。本題的空后面是50,因此應(yīng)該填nearly。故答案為:nearly。
【8】句意:宣布這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)花了這么長時(shí)間的原因是,人們需要時(shí)間來認(rèn)識新突破的真正價(jià)值。
由語境和所給的單詞可知,應(yīng)該選擇value;real是形容詞,用在名詞前;value做名詞,表示“價(jià)值”。the real value of a new breakthrough:新突破的真正價(jià)值。故答案為:value。
【9】句意:我們要確保我們獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)那些打開新科學(xué)洞察第一扇門的人。
由語境和所給的單詞可知,應(yīng)該選擇science;insight是名詞,前面應(yīng)該用形容詞來修飾,science的形容詞為scientific。故答案為:scientific。
【10】句意:整個(gè)過程總是需要很長時(shí)間,因此自然會(huì)有延遲。
由語境和所給的單詞可知,應(yīng)該選擇nature;本題應(yīng)該用副詞修飾后面的句子there is a delay(延遲).。naturally:順理成章地;自然地;故答案為:naturally。
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