Question

【題目】

How can you protect yourself if there's an earthquake at school? What should you do if you are caught in a stampede（踩踏）? March 25 this year provides you with a good chance to learn about safety.

This day is called the National Day of Education on the Safety of Elementary and Middle School Students（NDESEMSS）（全國中小學(xué)生安全教育日）. The theme of the day this year is to give students more knowledge about safety and make sure their lives safe.

A survey done by the China Youth and Children Research Center showed that school accidents kill more elementary and middle school students than anything else. The main accidents come from stampedes, earthquakes, fires and sports injuries（傷害）.

What can we do to keep ourselves safe? Staying calm（鎮(zhèn)靜）is the first and most important rule when facing accidents. But different accidents have different self-protection advice.

A stampede is possible anywhere. The larger a human crowd gets, the more likely stampedes become. When students around you begin to push, stand still and try to hold onto something, or stay in a corner until the crowd leaves. If you fall down in a moving crowd, cover your head with both hands. Lean to one side, curl up your body and bend your legs.

Earthquakes are common natural disasters（災(zāi)難）. When you feel the ground shake, drop down, take cover under a desk and hold on. You should stay indoors until the shaking stops. If you are outdoors, don't stay near buildings, trees or power lines.

When there's a fire, follow the teachers' instructions, leave the classroom quickly and use a piece of cloth to cover your mouth and nose so that you don't breathe in smoke.

【1】What's the theme of NDESEMSS this year?

A.To give students more knowledge about safety and make sure their lives safe.

B.To give students more knowledge about health and make sure they eat healthily.

C.To give students more knowledge about science and make their study better.

D.To give students more knowledge about accidents and make them run away.

【2】What should you do first when accidents happen according to this passage?

A.Run away.B.Stand there.C.Keep calm.D.Cry loudly.

【3】According to this passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A.Car accidents kill the most elementary and middle school students of all accidents.

B.When there's a fire, you should use cloth to cover your mouth and nose.

C.If you fall down in a moving crowd, you can do nothing but wait there.

D.When an earthquake happens, you should stay near buildings or trees.

【4】If the writer continues to write this passage, what will he write about?

A.The changes of fires.B.The reasons of accidents.

C.Sports injuries.D.Smoking disadvantages.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】B

【4】C

【解析】

本文是一篇記敘文，給學(xué)生們講述了在一些常見的校園事故中應(yīng)該如何做來保護(hù)自身安全，如踩踏事故、地震、火災(zāi)等。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The theme of the day this year is to give students more knowledge about safety and make sure their lives safe”，可知今年的主題是教授學(xué)生關(guān)于安全的知識(shí)、確保學(xué)生的生命安全，故選A。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Staying calm is the first and most important rule when facing accidents”，可知第一件事是保持鎮(zhèn)靜，故選C。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“school accidents kill more elementary and middle school students than anything else”，可知是校園事故喪生的中小學(xué)生人數(shù)較多，而不是車禍，A選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，排除；根據(jù)“If you fall down in a moving crowd, cover your head with both hands”，可知如果在人流中摔倒了，一定要雙手護(hù)頭，而不是什么都不做，C選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，排除；根據(jù)“If you are outdoors, don't stay near buildings, trees or power lines”，可知地震來臨時(shí)，不要靠近建筑物或樹，D選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，排除；根據(jù)“When there's a fire, follow the teachers' instructions, leave the classroom quickly and use a piece of cloth to cover your mouth and nose so that you don't breathe in smoke”，可知火災(zāi)發(fā)生時(shí)，要用布捂住口鼻，B選項(xiàng)表述正確，故選B。

【4】篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)第三段提及“The main accidents come from stampedes, earthquakes, fires and sports injuries”，并且接下來每一段詳細(xì)說明了踩踏、地震、火災(zāi)時(shí)學(xué)生應(yīng)該如何保障自身安全，可知接下來可能會(huì)詳細(xì)說明遭遇運(yùn)動(dòng)傷害時(shí)該如何做，故選C。

閱讀理解一般考查學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解能力、主旨理解能力和推理判斷能力。做閱讀理解題，首先要準(zhǔn)確理解題意，然后根據(jù)題意和短文內(nèi)容選出正確的答案。如題1，考查細(xì)節(jié)理解能力，此類型題較簡單，準(zhǔn)確理解題意后，直接到文中找出答案，根據(jù)“The theme of the day this year is to give students more knowledge about safety and make sure their lives safe”，可知今年的主題是教授學(xué)生關(guān)于安全的知識(shí)、確保學(xué)生的生命安全，故選A。