Question

【題目】閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。

Most cars get their energy from petrol (汽油). But some cars use electricity. They get their power from large batteries (電池). There are also some cars that have both an electric motor and a petrol motor. They are called hybrid cars.

Most people think of electric cars as a new invention, but they have been around for a long time. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries electric cars were popular because the technology for petrol engines was not highly developed. But when the petrol engines became easier to make and more powerful，they became more popular. Interest in electric cars was high in the 1970s and 1980s because oil became very expensive. Recently, electric cars　have again become popular because people want cars that pollute less.

Electric cars are better than petrol cars in several ways. The biggest benefit is that they can reduce pollution. In areas with a high percentage of electric cars, there is less pollution. But it is important to understand that electric cars still cause pollution. The electricity to power electric cars has to come from a power station. Unless these power stations run on solar or wind energy, they are most likely burning fossil fuels (化石燃料). The second benefit of electric cars is a reduction in the dependence on foreign oil. Since electric cars can run on electricity from coal or nuclear power (核能) stations, there is less of a need to import oil.

There are some problems with electric cars as well. One disadvantage is that electric cars are more expensive than petrol cars. This is mostly because of the high cost of the batteries. They need to be charged in special places. Right now, there aren’t enough places where people can charge the batteries. Another problem is that electric cars cannot travel as far as petrol cars. Some people are afraid that the battery will run out of electricity before they reach their destination.

Despite these problems, many people, including car industry experts, believe that the percentage of electric cars will increase in the future.

【1】What do electric cars get their power from?

_____________________________________________________

【2】When were electric cars first popular?

_____________________________________________________

【3】Why have electric cars become popular again recently?

_____________________________________________________

【4】What is the third paragraph mainly about?

_____________________________________________________

【5】What are the disadvantages of electric cars compared with petrol cars?

_____________________________________________________

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】They get their power from large batteries.

【2】In the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

【3】Because people want cars that pollute less.

【4】It’s mainly about the benefits/advantages of electric cars.

【5】Electric cars are more expensive than petrol cars and they cannot travel as far as petrol cars.

【解析】

這篇短文主要是介紹了電動汽車的優(yōu)缺點。

【1】根據(jù)文中They get their power from large batteries (電池).可知，他們從大電池中得到動力。故填They get their power from large batteries.

【2】根據(jù)文中In the late 19th and early 20th centuries electric cars were popular because the technology for petrol engines was not highly developed.可知，19世紀末20世紀初。故填In the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

【3】根據(jù)文中 electric cars have again become popular because people want cars that pollute less.可知，因為人們想要污染少的汽車。故填Because people want cars that pollute less.

【4】通讀整個第三段可知，主要講述了電動汽車的優(yōu)點。故填It’s mainly about the benefits/advantages of electric cars.

【5】根據(jù)文中One disadvantage is that electric cars are more expensive than petrol cars. This is mostly because of the high cost of the batteries.及 Another problem is that electric cars cannot travel as far as petrol cars.可知，電動汽車比汽油車貴，而且它們不能走到汽油車那么遠。故填Electric cars are more expensive than petrol cars and they cannot travel as far as petrol cars.

1.明確閱讀任務

同學們在做題的時候，首先要先閱讀所給的任務，明確任務是什么，再帶著任務去閱讀，這樣就能做到心中有數(shù)，有針對性地去讀，才能提高閱讀效率。

2.讀全文，了解大意

明確任務后，要迅速閱讀全文來了解文章主要內(nèi)容，以及文章的感情基調(diào)、作者的意圖等。因為大家知道在材料后的問題設置中，經(jīng)常有對文章大意的考查。對于概括大意的題目，需要全篇考慮，這類題目有時可以從文中直接找到答案，但有時需要用自己的話來概括。這類題難度較大，對文章還得再讀一讀，才能總結出來。

除此之外，還經(jīng)常考查給文章擬標題。這類題目可以通過尋找主題句和高頻詞來完成。主題句往往是首句或尾句，但如果沒有主題句，就可以從短文中去提煉、概括。確定標題同學們必須遵循兩個原則，第一個是標題要有概括性，就是說標題應在最大程度上覆蓋全文，體現(xiàn)文章的中心大意；第二個是標題要醒目，即標題要吸引讀者的注意力。

3. 再次閱讀，逐題突破

第一遍泛讀之后，同學們對后面的問題，已經(jīng)有所了解，然后大家就可以用跳讀的方式來尋找答案。還有一類情況大家要注意，就是要求同學們要解讀深層含義的題。這一類題屬于難度較大的題。在做這一類型題的時候，同學們要捕捉文章中有關的信息，把握文章的內(nèi)在邏輯關系，立足原文，從字里行間捕捉一些線索，悟出作者想表達的深層含義。

4.通讀全文，仔細檢查

在完成所有任務后，同學們還應結合題目再把全文通讀一遍，認真核實答案，同時必須檢查一下書寫是否規(guī)范，句子的時態(tài)、人稱、單復數(shù)、語態(tài)、詞性、主謂搭配等是否正確，這是答題的最后一步，也是很關鍵的一步。

完成上面的答題程序后，我們還要注意下面三點: 第一個是能簡略回答，盡量簡略回答。第二要記住，句子開頭首字母要大寫；標點符號要規(guī)范；單詞拼寫要正確無誤，書寫要認真。第三點同學們切記，要對照題目，根據(jù)需要對句子的人稱，時態(tài)，單復數(shù)，主謂搭配等方面進行核對。