Question

【題目】

People all over the world are now taking action to fight against COVID-19. But what they do may depend on their own culture and traditions.

On Feb 26, when an Italian lawmaker (議員) went into the country’s Lower Chamber with a mask to prevent the novel coronavirus, he was criticized (批評(píng)) by his workmates for “causing panic (恐慌)”. Articles from Western media carry headlines such as “No, you do not need face masks to prevent coronavirus.” You might be surprised, as in China and other Asian countries, people have willingly put masks on during the outbreak.

Western thoughts about masks

In the West, people are taught to wear masks only when they get sick. Masks are seen as a tool to protect sick people and prevent the disease from spreading, so healthy people don’t need to wear them. Therefore, during the novel coronavirus outbreak, overseas Chinese students said that they would be “stared at like a virus spreader” if they go out with a mask. According to a survey done by Global Times among some European and American people, wearing a mask in public can make them feel “worried”, “shy”, and “afraid of being looked at differently”.

But as the number of COVID-19 cases continues to grow around the world, many people in the West are changing their attitudes (態(tài)度). In the US, for example, the need for masks is very high now. The US surgeon general (衛(wèi)生局局長(zhǎng)) has been asking people to avoid hoarding (囤積) masks, as they are more needed in hospitals than by the general public.

Mask culture in the East

In Asian countries like China and Japan, there has been a long tradition of mask-wearing. In China, for example, when doctor Wu Liande invented the modern medical mask during the pneumonic plague (肺鼠疫) in 1910, the mask became a symbol of China’s position as a modern, scientific nation. The 2003 SARS epidemic again led to the wide use of masks as a form of anti-viral (抗病毒的) protection in China and elsewhere in East Asia.

In Japan, wearing masks has long been seen as a manner to reassure (使安心) others when one catches a cold or flu. Some Japanese also turn masks into fashion accessories (配飾), with different colors and styles to match their clothes. Wearing masks is also a way to “hide” for young women when they don’t have their makeup (化妝) on.

In more collectivist (集體主義的) cultures in Asia, wearing masks might also be a symbol of solidarity (團(tuán)結(jié)) during the outbreak, according to Christos Lynteris. “Mask culture in Asia creates a sense of a fate (命運(yùn)) shared, common obligation (責(zé)任) and civic (公民的) duty.” People wear masks “to show that they want to stick together” in the face of danger, Lynteris wrote.

【1】Why don’t healthy people in the West wear masks?

A.They don’t think masks can prevent disease.B.They think masks are for sick people to wear.

C.Only medical workers need to wear masks.D.Wearing a mask looks funny.

【2】Masks have been widely used in China since ________.

A.the invention of the modern medical maskB.the pneumonic plague in 1910

C.Christos Lynteris wore one publiclyD.the outbreak of SARS in 2003

【3】What isn’t the reason for Japanese wearing masks?

A.They wear masks to reassure others when catching a cold or flu.

B.Some Japanese wear masks as fashion accessories.

C.Some young women wear masks when they don’t make up.

D.They wear masks to make others feel worried.

【4】What does Lynteris mean in the last paragraph?

A.People have no sense of duty if they don’t wear masks.

B.Mask culture creates a sense of collective obligation.

C.Asian people are more united in the face of danger.

D.We are a community with a shared future for mankind.

【5】The purpose of the story is to ________.

A.explain why Westerners don’t wear masks

B.prove the importance of wearing masks during an epidemic(流行病)

C.show how opinions about masks differ between different countries

D.explain the history of masks

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】D

【4】B

【5】C

【解析】

世界各地的人們現(xiàn)在都在采取行動(dòng)來(lái)對(duì)抗COVID-19。由于不同的文化和傳統(tǒng)，大家對(duì)戴口罩的看法不一，文章描述了出現(xiàn)這種情況的原因。

【1】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段In the West, people are taught to wear masks only when they get sick. Masks are seen as a tool to protect sick people and prevent the disease from spreading, so healthy people don’t need to wear them.可知，在西方，人們被告知只有生病時(shí)才戴口罩�？谡直徽J(rèn)為是保護(hù)病人并防止疾病蔓延的工具，因此健康的人不需要戴口罩。故選B。

【2】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段The 2003 SARS epidemic again led to the wide use of masks as a form of anti-viral (抗病毒的) protection in China and elsewhere in East Asia.意為“2003年的SARS流行再次導(dǎo)致口罩在中國(guó)和東亞其他地區(qū)被廣泛用作一種抗病毒的保護(hù)措施�！笨芍�，口罩在中國(guó)廣泛使用是在2003年的SARS流行時(shí)。故選D。

【3】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段In Japan, wearing masks has long been seen as a manner to reassure (使安心) others when one catches a cold or flu. Some Japanese also turn masks into fashion accessories (配飾), with different colors and styles to match their clothes. Wearing masks is also a way to “hide” for young women when they don’t have their makeup (化妝) on.

意為“在日本，長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，戴口罩被視為一種在感冒或流感時(shí)安撫他人的方式。一些日本人還將面具變成配飾，配以不同的顏色和樣式以匹配他們的衣服。當(dāng)年輕女性沒(méi)有化妝時(shí)，戴口罩也是一種“隱藏”的方式。”可知，他們戴口罩讓別人感到擔(dān)心不是日本人戴口罩的原因。故選D。

【4】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段In more collectivist (集體主義的) cultures in Asia, wearing masks might also be a symbol of solidarity (團(tuán)結(jié)) during the outbreak, according to Christos Lynteris. “Mask culture in Asia creates a sense of a fate (命運(yùn)) shared, common obligation (責(zé)任) and civic (公民的) duty.” People wear masks “to show that they want to stick together” in the face of danger, Lynteris wrote.意為“Christos Lynteris認(rèn)為，在亞洲更多的集體主義文化中，戴著口罩可能也是爆發(fā)期間團(tuán)結(jié)的象征�！皝喼薜拿婢呶幕癄I(yíng)造了一種命運(yùn)共同承擔(dān)，共同義務(wù)責(zé)任和公民義務(wù)的意識(shí)�！笨芍�，口罩文化營(yíng)造了集體責(zé)任感。故選B。

【5】

主旨題。由全文可知，世界各地的人們現(xiàn)在都在采取行動(dòng)來(lái)對(duì)抗COVID-19，但是由于不同的文化和傳統(tǒng)，大家對(duì)戴口罩的看法不一，文章描述了出現(xiàn)這種情況的原因，展示不同國(guó)家對(duì)口罩的看法如何不同。故選C。