Question

【題目】

When you cough or sneeze, you’d better turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand. And then, you should say, “Excuse me.”

This seems so simple, but it is surprising how many kids have never been told to do this. Actually, I notice adults all the time who cough and sneeze in public without placing a hand over the mouth. One important thing I point out to the kids is that after they sneeze or cough on their hands, they should wash their hands as soon as possible. If not, they will be passing those germs (細(xì)菌) along to everything and everyone they touch.

If you come to a door and someone is following you, hold the door. If the door opens by pulling, pull it open, stand to the side, and allow the other person to pass through first, then you can walk through. If the door opens by pushing, hold the door after you pass through.

After a few weeks of seeing kids try to get through doors in the school and watching them enter restaurants as the door hit other people, I knew I had to discuss the problem with my students. Teaching them small acts of kindness, such as letting someone else go through a door first as they hold it open, may seem unimportant, but it can go a long way toward helping students realize how to be polite and thank others. Once they’ve been told, they’re halfway there.

When we have to go up moving stairs, we will stand to the right. That will give others who are in a hurry a choice of walking up the left-hand side of the moving stairs. When we are going to enter a lift, the underground, or a doorway, we will wait for others to exit before we enter.

After college when I moved to London, I was surprised at how polite everyone was in the subways. I was even more touched when I traveled to Japan. In both places, people made efforts to make way for others. On moving stairs, everyone stood to the right and walked to the left. On lifts, everyone would stand over to the side and allow others to exit before they would begin to enter.

【1】If you come to a door and someone is following you, you’d better .

A.hold the doorB.pass throughC.close the doorD.stand to the side

【2】Why should we stand to the right of moving stairs?

A.Because it’s dangerous to stand to the left.

B.Because it’s a traffic rule which we must follow.

C.Because we must wait for others to move first.

D.Because we should make way for people in a hurry.

【3】From the passage we can know the writer is a .

A.doctorB.travelerC.parentD.teacher

【4】The passage is mainly about .

A.the rules of acts in publicB.the ways of communication

C.the problems of meeting peopleD.the knowledge of social life

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】D

【4】A

【解析】

短文大意：短文關(guān)注的是公共行為準(zhǔn)則，主要介紹了在公共場合咳嗽和打噴嚏時的禮貌問題，進(jìn)門時讓別人先通過，在移動樓梯上站在右邊給趕時間的人讓路以及進(jìn)入電梯、地鐵或門口時的禮貌問題。

【1】題意：如果你走到一扇門前，有人跟在你后面，你最好扶住門。
考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。hold the door扶住門；pass through通過；close the door關(guān)上門；stand to the side站在一邊。根據(jù)“If you come to a door and someone is following you, hold the door如果你來到一扇門前，有人跟著你，扶住門”，可知選A。

【2】題意：為什么我們要站在移動樓梯的右邊？
考查細(xì)節(jié)判斷。A. 因為站在左邊很危險。B. 因為這是我們必須遵守的交通規(guī)則。C. 因為我們必須等待別人先行動。D. 因為我們應(yīng)該給趕時間的人讓路。根據(jù)“That will give others who are in a hurry a choice of walking up the left-hand side of the moving stairs將給那些匆匆忙忙的人一個選擇的余地，他們可以從電梯的左手邊走上去”，可知Because we should make way for people in a hurry符合題意，故選D。

【3】題意：從這篇文章我們可以知道作者是一位老師。
考查細(xì)節(jié)判斷。doctor醫(yī)生；traveler游客；parent父母；teacher教師。根據(jù)“I knew I had to discuss the problem with my students我知道我必須和我的學(xué)生們討論這個問題”，可知作者是老師，故選D。

【4】題意：這篇文章主要是關(guān)于公共行為的規(guī)則。
考查主旨大意。the rules of acts in public公共行為的規(guī)則；the ways of溝通方式；problems of meeting people與人交往的問題；the knowledge of social life社會生活知識。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，介紹的是在公共場合咳嗽和打噴嚏時的禮貌問題，進(jìn)門時讓別人先通過，在移動樓梯上站在右邊給趕時間的人讓路以及進(jìn)入電梯、地鐵或門口時的禮貌問題，可知都是些公共行為準(zhǔn)則，故選A。

本文關(guān)注的是公共行為規(guī)則。題目涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解、主旨大意等知識點，考生認(rèn)真閱讀原文，注意細(xì)節(jié)對照，即可選出正確答案。例如小題3，問作者的身份，考查細(xì)節(jié)判斷；根據(jù)第四段句子“I knew I had to discuss the problem with my students我知道我必須和我的學(xué)生們討論這個問題”，可知作者是教師，故選D。