【題目】 Cold weather during winter months may stop many people from _______home and running in the open air. But a new study shows _______ the drop in temperature is a good reason to run. In fact, researchers say, running in cold weather _______ improve one's performance (性能). Many people say running in _______ winter is difficult. Two reasons are the low temperatures and strong winds. Yet many runners might find _______ easier than running in hot weather. That could be because lower temperatures reduce stress on the body.

When you run in cold weather, your heart rate is _______ than in warmer conditions. Besides, the body needs less water _______ a cold day than in warm weather. This information comes from John Brewer, a sports scientist at St. Mary's University in London. Brewer says every movement runners make produces heat. He explains that one way in which we lose heat is by sweating, and that the body loses heat by transporting the blood to the surface of the skin. But sweating puts much strain (張力) on the heart, particularly in hot conditions because it is _______ harder to lose heat when the external environment is warm as well.

In addition, running in higher temperatures results in faster heart rates. Scientists find that heart rates are about 6 percent higher in the hotter conditions. _______, running in cooler temperatures has some advantages. One is that the body does not have to work so hard to pump (輸送) blood to the skins surface in cooler temperatures, which means running requires less energy. Several websites note that the most important thing for people ________ run in cold conditions is to wear the right clothing. And especially, keeping as dry as possible is very important when exercising in low temperatures.

1A.leaveB.leavingC.leftD.to leave

2A.whatB.thatC.whetherD.if

3A.helpB.to helpC.helpsD.helping

4A.aB.anC.theD./

5A.thatB.thisC.itsD.it

6A.lowerB.lowC.lowestD.the lowest

7A.atB.ofC.inD.on

8A.manyB.moreC.muchD.most

9A.ButB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.Yet

10A.whichB.whatC.whenD.who

【答案】

1B

2B

3C

4C

5D

6A

7D

8C

9C

10D

【解析】

本文主要講述在冬季寒冷的天氣里跑步可以提高人的身體素質(zhì)。

1句意:冬季寒冷的天氣可能會阻止許多人離開家門和在戶外跑步。

考查介詞用法。短語stop sb. from doing sth.:阻止某人做某事,from是介詞,后面跟動詞ing形式。故選B。

2句意:但是一項新的研究表明,氣溫下降是跑步的好理由。

考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。what什么,特殊疑問詞;that引導(dǎo)陳述句的賓語從句,沒有任何意義;“whetherif”意思是“是否”。在賓語從句中,特殊疑問句做賓語由特殊疑問詞詞引導(dǎo);如果是一般疑問句做賓語由ifwhether引導(dǎo);陳述句做賓語由that引導(dǎo)。本句的賓語是陳述句,可知使用that引導(dǎo),故選B。

3句意:研究人員說,事實上,在寒冷的天氣里跑步有助于提高人的性能。

考查謂語動詞和主謂一致。本句缺少謂語,可知填謂語動詞,helpingto help是非謂語動詞,排除BD。本詞主語“running in cold weather”是動名詞短語,動名詞做主語時謂語動詞使用第三人稱單數(shù),可知填helps。故選C。

4句意:許多人說冬天跑步很困難。

考查冠詞。in winter是泛指冬天,in the winter是特指的某個冬天,根據(jù)上文“running in cold weather”可知本句是特指“天氣寒冷的冬天”,故選C。

5句意:然而,許多跑步者可能發(fā)現(xiàn)它比在炎熱的天氣里跑步更容易。

考查代詞。That(常用在比較結(jié)構(gòu)中)代替前面提到的名詞,指同類事物的另一個,同類異物;指代距離說話人遠的人或物,意思是“那”;this這,指代距離說話人近的人或物;its它的,物主代詞;it它,特指上下文提到的是同一事物。本句指代上文提到的“running in cold weather”可知使用it。故選D。

6句意:當(dāng)你在寒冷的天氣跑步時,你的心率比在溫暖的環(huán)境下要低。

考查形容詞比較級。low低的,矮的;比較級是lower,最高級是lowest,形容詞最高級前要加the。根據(jù)“than(比,用以引出比較的第二部分)”可知使用比較級。故選A。

7句意:此外,寒冷的天氣比溫暖的天氣需要更少的水。

考查介詞。at用于時間點鐘前,或極端的時間段前;of……的,構(gòu)成名詞所有格;in用于較長的時間段前;on用于具體的某一天或某一天的早上,中午,下午或晚上前。本句是指具體的某一天,可知使用on,on a cold day:在寒冷的日子。故選D。

8句意:但是出汗會給心臟帶來很大的壓力,特別是在炎熱的環(huán)境下,因為當(dāng)外部環(huán)境也很溫暖時,很難散熱。

考查修飾比較級的副詞。many許多,修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù);more更多,muchmany的比較級;much許多,修飾不可數(shù)名詞;……的多,非常,可修飾副詞比較級;most最多,manymuch的最高級。本詞修飾比較級harder,可知填much。故選C。

9句意:然而,在較低的溫度下跑步有一些好處。

.考查連詞辨析。But但是;Therefore因此,所以;However 然而,一般用逗號和主語隔開;Yet作連詞講意思是“但,可是,然而”,引導(dǎo)從句,表示轉(zhuǎn)折含義(常用于引出頗令人驚訝的事實)。根據(jù)上文“此外,在較高的溫度下跑步會導(dǎo)致心率加快?茖W(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn),在更熱的條件下,心率大約高出6%!焙痛司涫寝D(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,且有逗號和主句隔開,可知填However;選C。

10句意:一些網(wǎng)站指出,對于在寒冷條件下跑步的人來說,最重要的是穿上合適的衣服。

考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。1.在定語從句中,先行詞是人,關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做主語或賓語使用關(guān)系代詞whothat引導(dǎo);先行詞是物,在定語從句中做主語或賓語使用關(guān)系代詞thatwhich。2.what代詞,引導(dǎo)賓語從句或特殊疑問句,不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。3.when副詞,引導(dǎo)賓語從句或特殊疑問句;when引導(dǎo)定語從句時,先行詞是時間,且關(guān)系副詞在定語從句做時間狀語。本句是定語從句,先行詞people是人,關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做主語,可知使用關(guān)系代詞who。故選D。

完型填空集閱讀理解、語法、詞法、句法于一體。是考查語言綜合運用的能力的一道題。 解題的方法第一要帶著空,通讀文章,搞清事件發(fā)生的背景。結(jié)合上下文背景語境,結(jié)合句意選擇適合語境的選項。本文主要講述在冬季寒冷的天氣里跑步可以提高人的身體素質(zhì)。例如,第4小題考查冠詞。英語里,在季節(jié)、月份、節(jié)日、假日、日期、星期等表示時間的名詞之前,不加冠詞,而本句表示特指寒冷的冬天,可知是“in the winter”,故選C。第6小題考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)“than(比,用以引出比較的第二部分)”可知使用比較級lower;故選A

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