Question

【題目】任務(wù)型閱讀

第一節(jié)：閱讀短文，回答問(wèn)題。

Red squirrels used to be a common sight in British forests and countryside. But there are fewer than 140,000 red squirrels left now and most of them are in Scotland. However, grey squirrels (introduced from North America) are now so common that many people dislike them. They can be legally（合法的）trapped and destroyed.

On first sight, the two types of squirrel are similar. They both have a long tail, which helps the squirrel to balance when jumping from tree to tree, and the same large eyes, small ears and powerful back legs. However, the grey squirrel has a clear physical advantage over the red. The red squirrel has a head-and-body length of 19 to 23 centimeters, a tail length of 15 to 20 centimeters and a body weight of 250 to 340 grams. Compared to this, the grey squirrel is a larger animal. The head and body measures between 23 and 30 centimeters long and the tail is between 19 and 25 centimeters long. Adult grey squirrels are heavier, weighing between 400 and 600 grams. This size allows them to store more fat and helps them to survive a hard winter, which would be fatal（致命的）to their smaller cousins .

So why are red squirrels losing out in competition with grey squirrels? Size is one factor, but there are others. Red squirrels live high up in trees, while grey squirrels spend more of their time on the ground. This means any loss of forests greatly influences the red squirrel population. Another reason for the grey squirrel’s success is its ability to use food provided by people. Like the fox, the grey squirrel can survive in towns and cities. The other problem for the red squirrel is disease. Both squirrels carry a certain virus. While this doesn’t seem to attack grey squirrels, it is fatal to red squirrels.

【1】Which are introduced from North America, red squirrels or grey squirrels?

【2】What helps the squirrel to balance when jumping from tree to tree?

【3】How much do adult grey squirrels weigh at most?

【4】Who are the “smaller cousins” mentioned in the second paragraph?

【5】There are four reasons why red squirrels are losing out in competition with grey squirrels. Please list TWO of them.（每條不得超過(guò)4個(gè)單詞）

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】Grey squirrels (are introduced from North America).

【2】Its/The/Their (long) tail.

【3】(They weigh/are) 600 grams.

【4】(The) Red squirrel(s)/ones.

【5】(1) (The) Size. 或Physical advantage. 或Grey squirrels are big(ger).

(2) (Their) Living place(s) / area(s)/space/habit(s)/condition(s)/situation(s).

或 Loss of forests.

(3) (The/Their) Food. 或Food provided by people. 或Eating habits. 或Diet.

(4) (The) Disease/Illness. 或 (The) Virus.

【解析】

試題分析：本文講述了英國(guó)的松鼠：過(guò)去的紅松鼠和現(xiàn)在的灰松鼠。紅松鼠曾是英國(guó)的一大風(fēng)景，但是現(xiàn)在只剩下140，000只了，然而灰色的松鼠是如此的普遍以致于人們都不喜歡它們了。兩種松鼠相似：長(zhǎng)尾巴、大眼睛、小耳朵和有力的后腿。但是灰松鼠要大些，要重些。紅松鼠在與灰松鼠的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中失敗的原因一是灰松鼠更大；二是灰松鼠生活在地面，紅松鼠生活在樹(shù)上；三是灰松鼠接受人類(lèi)提供的食物，而紅松鼠不；四是病毒感染紅松鼠，對(duì)灰松鼠無(wú)傷害等等。

【1】Grey squirrels (are introduced from North America). 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題意：紅松鼠和灰松鼠，哪一種是從北美洲介紹來(lái)的？由第一段最后一句：However, grey squirrels (introduced from North America) are now so common that many people dislike them. They can be legally（合法的）trapped and destroyed. 可知灰松鼠是從北美洲介紹來(lái)的。故回答：Grey squirrels (are introduced from North America).

【2】Its/The/Their (long) tail. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題意：從一棵樹(shù)跳到另一棵樹(shù)時(shí)什么幫助松鼠平衡？由第二段的：They both have a long tail, which helps the squirrel to balance when jumping from tree to tree。它們都有一個(gè)長(zhǎng)尾巴，幫助松鼠從一棵樹(shù)跳到另一棵樹(shù)時(shí)平衡。故本題回答：Its/The/Their (long) tail.

【3】(They weigh/are) 600 grams. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題意：成年灰松鼠至多重多少？由文中的：Adult grey squirrels are heavier, weighing between 400 and 600 grams.成年灰松鼠要重些在400到600克之間。可以推測(cè)出最多重600克。故回答：(They weigh/are) 600 grams.

【4】(The) Red squirrel(s)/ones.推理判斷題。題意：第二段中提到的較小的一類(lèi)是誰(shuí)？This size allows them to store more fat and helps them to survive a hard winter, which would be fatal（致命的）to their smaller cousins .這樣的大小允許它們儲(chǔ)存更多的脂肪并幫助他們過(guò)嚴(yán)冬，這對(duì)它們的smaller cousins是致命的弱點(diǎn)。可以推測(cè)出是與灰松鼠相比較的紅松鼠。故答：(The) Red squirrel(s)/ones.

【5】(1) (The) Size. 或Physical advantage. 或Grey squirrels are big(ger). . (2) (Their) Living place(s)/area(s)/space/habit(s)/condition(s)/situation(s). 或 Loss of forests.. (3) (The/Their) Food. 或Food provided by people. 或Eating habits. 或Diet. (4) (The) Disease/Illness. 或 (The) Virus. 分析歸納題。題意：紅松鼠在與灰松鼠的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中落敗的原因有四個(gè)方面，請(qǐng)列出其中兩樣。短文最后一段列出了在自然競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中，紅松鼠改于灰松鼠的原因：一是灰松鼠更大；二是灰松鼠生活在地面，紅松鼠生活在樹(shù)上；三是灰松鼠接受人類(lèi)提供的食物，而紅松鼠不；四是病毒感染紅松鼠，對(duì)灰松鼠無(wú)傷害�？梢匀我饬谐銎渲袃身�(xiàng)即可。故答：(1) (The) Size. 或Physical advantage. 或Grey squirrels are big(ger). (2) (Their) Living place(s)/area(s)/space/habit(s)/condition(s)/situation(s)或 Loss of forests. (3) (The/Their) Food. 或Food provided by people. 或Eating habits. 或Diet. (4) (The) Disease/Illness. 或 (The) Virus.