—Do you know the boy ____ is playing soccer there?
—Certainly, he is a friend of my _____


  1. A.
    who; brother’s
  2. B.
    who; brother
  3. C.
    whom; brother’s
  4. D.
    whose; brother
A
試題分析:定語從句的引導詞有關(guān)系代詞who, whom,whose,which,that, as;關(guān)系副詞when, where,why。定語從句中引導詞的選用主要看先行詞在定語從句中作什么成分或者是定語從句中缺什么成分。
1.定語從句中缺主語,修飾人時用who /that,修飾物時用which /that引導。
2.從句中缺賓語,修飾人時用 who /whom /that或省略引導詞;修飾物時用which /that或省略引導詞。
3.從句中缺時間狀語,用when或介詞+which引導。
4.從句中缺地點狀語,用where或介詞+which引導。
5.從句中缺原因狀語或先行詞是 reason時,引導詞用why /for which / that。
6.從句中缺定語,人和物都用 whose引導。
7.當先行詞是way時,其定語從句的引導詞用in which /that。
根據(jù)語境可知先行詞是the boy是人,故用that或who,又因我弟弟的朋友應用A friend of my brother’s故選擇A。
考點:定語從句的引導詞
點評:定語從句的引導詞的選擇還應注意下列問題。1.關(guān)系代詞who,whom,whose, which和as能引導非限制性定語從句,而that不能;非限制性定語從句中即使缺賓語,引導詞也不能省略;關(guān)系副詞when,where能引導非限制性定語從句,而why不能。
2.先行詞是物時,其引導詞可用 which也可用that,通常情況下二者可互換,但在有些情況下不能。
A.用which不用that引導定語從句的三種情況:
①非限制性定語從句用which,不用that引導。
②先行詞為that時,為了避免重復,定語從句用which不用that引導。
③介詞后用which不用that引導。
B.用that不用which的七種情況:
①先行詞前有形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時,用 that不用which引導。
②先行詞為little,much,all,none,few,(the)one, something,everything,nothing,anything等不定代詞時,用that引導。
③先行詞既有指人的名詞又有指物的名詞時,用 that引導。
④先行詞前有any,all,no,few,every,some,little, much,(the)very,(the)only,(the)last等詞修飾時,用 that引導。
⑤先行詞為which時,為了避免重復,用that引導。
⑥先行詞在從句中作表語時,常用that引導。
⑦當主句是There be...句型時,用that引導。
3.在“one of+復數(shù)名詞+定語從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中,從句的謂語動詞應與復數(shù)名詞保持一致;當one前有the only修飾時,從句的謂語動詞應與the only one保持一致。
4.引導詞前有介詞或短語介詞時,修飾人只能用 whom,修飾物只能用which引導。
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