Question

【題目】根據(jù)示例改寫句子

Model: Sharks are animals. They live in the sea.→Sharks are animals that live in the sea.

【1】The book is my favourite. It is written by J．K.Rowling.

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【2】Basketball is a game. I love it best.

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【3】That man is Mr Smith. He is taking photos near the river.

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【4】This one is a photo of a shark. I saw it on the Great Barrier Reef.

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Answer 1

【答案】

【1】 The book that/which is written by J．K.Rowling is my favourite.

【2】 Basketball is a game that/which I love best.

【3】 The man that/who is taking photos near the river is Mr Smith.

【4】 This one is a photo of a shark that/which I saw on the Great Barrier Reef.

【解析】

【1】句意：J.K.羅琳寫的那本書是我最喜歡看的。根據(jù)示例可知，本題要求改寫成定語(yǔ)從句，(The)book是先行詞，指物，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞用that/which，關(guān)系代詞在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)必須和先行詞保持一致。故答案為The book that/which is written by J．K.Rowling is my favourite.

【2】句意：籃球是我最喜歡的一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。根據(jù)示例可知，本題要求改寫成定語(yǔ)從句，(a) game是先行詞，關(guān)系代詞用that/which，在定語(yǔ)從句中作love的賓語(yǔ)，“I love it best.”中的it必須要去掉，故答案為Basketball is a game that/which I love best.

【3】句意：正在河邊拍照的那個(gè)人是史密斯先生。man前加定冠詞the是特指在河邊拍照的那個(gè)人。(The) man是定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞，指人，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞為that/who，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，故答案為The man that/who is taking photos near the river is Mr. Smith.

【4】句意：這是一張我在大堡礁看到的鯊魚的照片。根據(jù)示例可知，本題要求改寫成定語(yǔ)從句�！�I saw it on the Great Barrier Reef.”中的it代指上句中的a shark。也就是說(shuō)a shark是先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞用that/which，在定語(yǔ)從句中作saw的賓語(yǔ)，因此原來(lái)句子中的it必須去掉，故答案為This one is a photo of a shark that/which I saw on the Great Barrier Reef.

在復(fù)合句中修飾句子中某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。

① 定語(yǔ)從句的位置：放在名詞或代詞的后面。如:The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle. (手上拿著一把雨傘的那名男子是我的叔叔。)

② 語(yǔ)法術(shù)語(yǔ)的稱謂：被修飾的名詞或代詞稱為先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的連接詞稱為關(guān)系詞，其中that, which, who, whom, whose稱為關(guān)系代詞；where, when, how稱為關(guān)系副詞。

1) who, whom, that這些詞代替的先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想見(jiàn)你的人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語(yǔ))

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天見(jiàn)的那個(gè)人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語(yǔ))

2) whose 用來(lái)指人或物，(只用作定語(yǔ), 若指物，它還可以同of which互換)，例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了，大家都跑過(guò)去幫忙。

3) which, that 它們所代替的先行詞是表示事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。

關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。

關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當(dāng)于"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用，例如：

Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。