【題目】Phil is a scientist for NASA. Scientists are always asking questions. One question Phil has is:”Are Rocks on the Earth l【1】 rocks on Mars?” The first step was to collect rocks from around the world. I【2】 of collecting the rocks himself, Phil thought of a good idea. He would ask kids everywhere to s【3】 him rocks. Soon children from all over the world have sent in over 8,000 rocks. Phil and other scientists study each rock to d【4】 what minerals(礦物質(zhì)) are in it. Studying rocks from the Earth is the easier part of Phil’s project. Learning about rocks on Mars is more c【5】. To do this, Phil helped c【6】 a special camera that was sent into space. It c【7】 around Mars and takes pictures of rocks there. Scientists learn a lot by c【8】 rocks from the Earth and Mars. They learn how the Earth and Mars are d【9】, and they learn how the planets are alike, too.
Mars is the planet most like Earth. “ Studying Mars can tell us a lot about the planet and what humans have to be p【10】 for when they get there,” Phil said.
【答案】
【1】 like
【2】 Instead
【3】 send
【4】 discover
【5】 challenging
【6】 create
【7】 circles
【8】 comparing
【9】 different
【10】 prepared
【解析】
這篇短文主要講述了一個(gè)叫做Phil的科學(xué)家是如何研究火星和地球上的巖石的。
【1】句意:在地球上的巖石像火星上的巖石嗎?like的意思是“像”,根據(jù)句意及所給首字母提示,故填like。
【2】句意:Phil沒(méi)有自己收集巖石,而是想出了一個(gè)好主意。短語(yǔ)instead of…表示代替,而不是。根據(jù)句意,故填Instead。
【3】句意:他會(huì)要求孩子們到處送他石頭。短語(yǔ)ask sb. to do sth.表示讓某人做某事。send的意思是“發(fā)送”,根據(jù)句意及首字母提示,故填send。
【4】句意:Phil和其他科學(xué)家研究每一塊巖石,發(fā)現(xiàn)其中有什么礦物。discover的意思是“發(fā)現(xiàn)”,根據(jù)句意,故填discover。
【5】句意:學(xué)習(xí)火星上的巖石更具挑戰(zhàn)性。challenging的意思是“挑戰(zhàn)”,根據(jù)句意,故填challenging。
【6】句意:為了做這個(gè),PhilPhil幫助制造了一種被發(fā)射到太空的特殊相機(jī)。短語(yǔ)help do表示幫助做某事;create的意思是“創(chuàng)造,創(chuàng)作”,根據(jù)句意,故填create。
【7】句意:它環(huán)繞火星并在那里拍攝巖石圖片。circle的意思是“圍繞”,這里是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變第三人稱單數(shù)。根據(jù)句意,故填circles。
【8】句意:科學(xué)家通過(guò)比較地球和火星上的巖石學(xué)到很多東西。by doing sth.通過(guò)做某事;compare的意思是“比較”,這里用動(dòng)名詞。根據(jù)句意,故填comparing。
【9】句意:他們了解地球和火星是不同的,他們也知道行星是如何相似的。different的意思是“不同的”,根據(jù)句意,故填different。
【10】句意:研究火星可以告訴我們很多關(guān)于地球的事情,以及人類到達(dá)火星時(shí)需要準(zhǔn)備什么。短語(yǔ)prepare for…表示為……做準(zhǔn)備。 故填prepared
1. 通讀短文知大意,看整體全面了解
與閱讀理解題和其它類型的完形填空一樣,首先要通讀短文,了解文章的大意.每篇短文段落之間必然承上啟下、前呼后應(yīng).因此通讀全文時(shí)要一氣呵成,只要能了解短文的大意即可,細(xì)節(jié)不理解可以跳過(guò).因此,在解題之前通讀一遍短文,目的是對(duì)文章有個(gè)全面的了解,弄清其中心思想和大意.
2. 復(fù)讀短文抓信息,前后照應(yīng)巧猜詞
在了解文章大意的前提之下再次通讀短文,目的是對(duì)短文有更進(jìn)一步的了解.在閱讀時(shí)要特別注意一篇文章的開(kāi)頭(一般不設(shè)空)和結(jié)尾,它們能提供主要的信息,幫助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想.在閱讀過(guò)程中,要注意上、下文的關(guān)系,這對(duì)于把握文章的整體意義大有用處.另外,要學(xué)會(huì)跳讀,即對(duì)不理解的地方采用暫時(shí)回避的方式,待真正理解全文之后再找解決的方法.有些短文填空題,有時(shí)出現(xiàn)約 3%~5% 的生詞是很正常的,這就要求學(xué)生根據(jù)構(gòu)詞知識(shí)或上、下文的意思加以猜測(cè),來(lái)確定它的詞義.
3. 反復(fù)推敲多分析,慎重答題講合理
再次通讀短文,對(duì)留空的句子進(jìn)行全面的分析,看它在全文中所處的位置、作用和意義.這一遍閱讀要求是精心閱讀,要留心找出關(guān)鍵詞、短語(yǔ)或句子,還要結(jié)合所給首字母的提示,進(jìn)行填寫,并注意單詞的正確形式.
4. 認(rèn)真復(fù)查全文,把握整體和詞形
做完以后,再認(rèn)真讀一遍,檢查所填寫的單詞是否與文章要求相符,文章是否通順,前后是否呼應(yīng),有無(wú)句型結(jié)構(gòu)及語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤.從實(shí)際中看,很多學(xué)生能夠充分利用詞首字母和短文內(nèi)容填寫單詞,但是,問(wèn)題往往出現(xiàn)在單詞的形式變化上.比如填 q ,要求填寫 quickly ,而多數(shù)考生只知道填寫 quick ,忽略了詞性問(wèn)題.因此,深思熟慮很重要.
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