Question

【題目】 Weather has a strong effect（影響）on people. It influences health，intelligence（智力）and feelings.

In August，it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there easily have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems during this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West，it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. Some people in those states will have heart trouble after the weather changes in February or March.

The weather can also influence intelligence. For example，in a 1983 study by scientists，the IQ scores of some college students were very high during a storm，but after the storm，their scores were low. Storms can increase intelligence. Very hot weather，on the other hand，can lower it. Students in many schools of the United States often do badly in exams in the hot months of the year（July and August）.

Weather also has a strong influence on people's feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel depressed during cold weather. In hot summer weather，on the other hand，fat people may feel unhappy. There is a "perfect weather" for people's work and health. People feel best at a temperature of about 18℃.

Are you feeling sick，sad，tired，forgetful，or very intelligent today？The weather may be the reason.

【1】What can cause problems on health？

A. Hot and wet weatherB. A strong windC. Warm weatherD. Low air pressure

【2】Intelligence may be lower _______.

A. during a stormB. when it is sunnyC. on a very hot dayD. when you take an exam

【3】The underlined word“depressed”in the fourth paragraph means _______.

A. 興奮的B. 愉快的C. 憂郁的D. 擔心的

【4】In“perfect weather”，_________.

A. both the fat and the thin are healthyB. the students do very well in exams

C. the air pressure is lowD. the temperature is about18℃

【5】What's the passage mainly talking about？

A. How weather causes health problems

B. Weather makes people feel bad

C. Weather influences feelings

D. Weather influences health，intelligence and feelings.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】C

【4】D

【5】D

【解析】

本文主要介紹天氣對健康、智力和感覺的影響。

【1】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段In August，it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there easily have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems during this month.通過舉例子說濕熱的天氣使人們?nèi)菀谆夹呐K和其他方面的健康問題，故選A。

【2】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Storms can increase intelligence .Very hot weather，on the other hand，can lower it.可知炎熱的天氣會降低智商，故選C。

【3】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)They might feel depressed during cold weather. In hot summer weather，on the other hand，fat people may feel unhappy�？芍�在冷天氣和熱天氣，對于胖瘦不同的人來說，他們的感覺是相反的，天氣熱的時候，胖子會不開心，相反在寒冷的時候，瘦子也不會太好，結(jié)合選項，故選C。

【4】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段There is a "perfect weather" for people's work and health. People feel best at a temperature of about 18℃.可知人們在18℃的時候感覺最好，稱為“完美天氣”，故選D。

【5】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Weather has a strong effect（影響）on people. It influences health，intelligence（智力）and feelings.可知主要說的是天氣對健康、智力和感覺的影響，并在下文具體描述，最后一段又強調(diào)天氣對這三方面的影響，所以本文的主題是天氣對健康，智力和感覺的影響，故選D。

如何做主旨大意題

做此類題目時

首先，任何一篇文章都是圍繞某個主題展開的，因此，許多文章中最明顯的特點之一是有一個反復出現(xiàn)的中心詞，即高頻詞，也叫做主題詞。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。

第二，要搞清是問某一段還是全文的大意�？衫�用段落信息來把握文脈，進行綜合歸納，概括文章的主題。如有標題，標題中的蘊含的信息往往是關(guān)鍵信息。

第三, 要學會借助文章的結(jié)構(gòu)來把握中心思想。段落中心思想常常由主題句( Topic sentence)來表達。主題句常常出現(xiàn)在段首(60%--90%)或段尾處, 有時也在段落中間。同樣, 一篇文章的中心思想也常常在開始段或結(jié)尾段點出。因此, 在閱讀中, 我們要對文章的開始段和結(jié)尾段及段落的主題句給予特別的注意。