閱讀與回答問題。（本大題共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）
Jeff Keith has only one leg. When he was 12 years old, Jeff had cancer. Doctors had to cut off most of his right leg. Every day Jeff puts on an artificial(man-made) leg. The leg was plastic. With the plastic leg, Jeff can ski, ride a bicycle, swim and play soccer. He can also run.
When he was 22 years old, Jeff Keith ran across the United States, from the East to the West. He started running in Boston on April 1. He stopped running in Los Angeles. He ran 5,190 kilometres; that’s about 26 kilometres each day. Jeff wore out 36 pairs of running shoes and five plastic legs.
Jeff stopped in cities on the way to Los Angeles. In every city people gave Jeff money. The money was not for Jeff. It was for the American Cancer Society. The American Cancer Society used the money to learn about cancer.
On the way to Los Angeles, Jeff talked to people about cancer. He also talked about being disabled. Jeff is disabled, but he can do many things: he skis, swims, plays soccer, and runs. He finished college and is studying to be a lawyer. Jeff says, “People can do anything they want to do. I want people to know that. I ran not only for disabled people. I ran for everybody.”
1. Why does Jeff have one leg left?
__________________________________________________________________________
2. What did Jeff do with the money he got on the way to Los Angeles?
__________________________________________________________________________
3. What does Jeff want to be in the future?
__________________________________________________________________________
4.How long did it take Jeff to run from Boston to Los Angeles?
__________________________________________________________________________
5. What does the story want to tell us?(請(qǐng)自擬一句話作答)
__________________________________________________________________________

1. Because he got cancer and most of his one leg was cut off.
2. He gave the money to the American Cancer Society for learning about cancer.
3. A lawyer.
4. About 200 days.
5. Disabled people can do anything they want. / Jeff is a brave, confident and kind person.(與文章內(nèi)容相關(guān)即可。)解析:
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科目：初中英語 來源：隨堂講與練　八年級(jí)上冊(cè)(配合牛津英語) 牛津版 題型：051

閱讀與回答問題

　　Many years ago, there was a family named Franklin．They lived in Boston．There were five girls and six boys in the family．On a January day in 1706 another baby was born．The boy's mother and her husband gave the boy a name－Benjamin(本杰明·富蘭克林　美國杰出的科學(xué)家和政治家)．

　　Benjamin was the cleverest of all the children．He could read when he was five and he could write when he was seven．The next year his parents sent him to school．

　　In school Benjamin was good at reading and writing, but not good at maths．He read all of his father's books．And when he had money, he always went to buy books．He liked books．They told him how to do something．The boy liked to use his head and tried to find ways to help people enjoy life more．For example, he tried to know if there was some way to swim farther, maybe with something on his hands or feet．Slowly a picture of swimming shoes, or paddles(槳形工具), grew in his mind．The paddles must be neither too big nor too small．And they must be neither too heavy nor light．At last he invented the paddle for swimming．

1．How many children did Mr．Franklin have?

______________________________________________

2．Why was it said Benjamin was clever?

______________________________________________

3．When did Benjamin begin to go to school?

______________________________________________

4．Why did Benjamin like books?

______________________________________________

5．What did Benjamin invent the paddles for?

______________________________________________

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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀下面兩個(gè)材料并回答問題：
【材料一】2011年10月3日，諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)委員會(huì)宣布，美國科學(xué)家布魯斯·巴特勒、盧森堡科學(xué)家朱爾斯·霍夫曼和加拿大科學(xué)家拉爾夫·斯坦曼獲得2011年諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)生理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。在長期進(jìn)化過程中人體具備兩種免疫機(jī)能：一是“固有免疫”，二是“獲得性免疫”。布魯斯·巴特勒、朱爾斯·霍夫曼的獲獎(jiǎng)?lì)I(lǐng)域在前者；而拉爾夫·斯坦曼的工作主要在后者。
布魯斯·巴特勒、朱爾斯·霍夫曼發(fā)現(xiàn)了由“Toll”基因編碼的關(guān)鍵受體蛋白，該受體蛋白能識(shí)別病原微生物，并激活“固有免疫”，打開免疫反應(yīng)的第一步；拉爾夫·斯坦曼發(fā)現(xiàn)的樹突狀細(xì)胞在免疫應(yīng)答中作用，樹突狀細(xì)胞在體內(nèi)游弋，發(fā)現(xiàn)并攝取病原體的特異性抗原，并報(bào)告給T淋巴細(xì)胞，T細(xì)胞將調(diào)動(dòng)其他免疫細(xì)胞發(fā)生級(jí)聯(lián)反應(yīng)，最終消滅病原體。
（1）材料中所描述的“固有免疫”就是_____________________免疫，這種免疫對(duì)所有的病原體都有防御作用。（1分）
（2）下列有關(guān)“Toll”基因的敘述正確的是：_____________（單選）（1分）
A．Toll基因只存在于免疫細(xì)胞中
B．Toll基因編碼受體蛋白，體現(xiàn)基因?qū)π誀畹闹苯涌刂?br />C．Toll基因編碼的受體蛋白能識(shí)別病原微生物，體現(xiàn)了免疫細(xì)胞的特異性識(shí)別
D．效應(yīng)T細(xì)胞能與靶細(xì)胞密切接觸就是該受體功能體現(xiàn)
（3）下列有關(guān)樹突狀細(xì)胞的敘述正確的是：_____________________（不定項(xiàng)）
A．樹突狀細(xì)胞在免疫中發(fā)揮作用，說明神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)與免疫系統(tǒng)功能密切相關(guān)
B．在細(xì)胞免疫和體液免疫中樹突狀細(xì)胞所起的作用沒有明顯差別
C．樹突狀細(xì)胞能夠處理和呈遞病原體的抗原特異性
D．樹突狀細(xì)胞可觸發(fā)T細(xì)胞發(fā)生免疫反應(yīng)
E．樹突狀細(xì)胞可能是一種吞噬細(xì)胞
【材料二】（根據(jù)南方周末《喬布斯的錯(cuò)誤與諾獎(jiǎng)得主的試驗(yàn)》整理）就在瑞典卡羅琳醫(yī)學(xué)院宣布本年度諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的前3天，斯坦曼因胰腺癌不幸離世，他沒能親耳聽到自己獲獎(jiǎng)的喜訊，令人惋惜。就在他離世死后的第6天“改變世界”的IT精英喬布斯也因胰腺癌英年早逝。
兩人所患的胰腺癌都是死亡率極高的惡性腫瘤。喬布斯患的是“胰腺內(nèi)分泌型腫瘤”，該病癥病情發(fā)展緩慢，能存活數(shù)年的患者不在少數(shù)。但這位著名的素食主義者曾一度拒絕手術(shù)治療，導(dǎo)致腫瘤細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)移，病情迅速惡化。
而斯坦曼所患的病癥為“胰腺外分泌型腫瘤”，該病患者的存活期往往只有數(shù)月。斯坦曼在2007年確診胰腺癌后，就積極嘗試基于樹突狀細(xì)胞的治療性疫苗(DC疫苗)。借助這種“細(xì)胞免疫療法”，他的生命從預(yù)期的數(shù)月延長至4年。
（4）喬布斯癌變的細(xì)胞可能是_____________細(xì)胞，該細(xì)胞的分泌物與_________________。系統(tǒng)消滅癌細(xì)胞的過程是_____________（填一種特異性免疫）發(fā)揮作用。
（5）斯坦曼所注射的DC疫苗是由其體內(nèi)的樹突狀細(xì)胞和腫瘤細(xì)胞中提取的一種短肽（即治療性疫苗），該短肽在免疫中作為_____________引起人體發(fā)生免疫反應(yīng)。除樹突狀細(xì)胞外，斯坦曼體能夠特異性識(shí)別這種短肽的細(xì)胞還有（至少寫出3種）______________________________________。
（6）有人認(rèn)為DC疫苗對(duì)防治癌癥有一定的療效，原因是：通過免疫反應(yīng)斯坦曼體內(nèi)的免疫系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生抗體，抗體與該短肽特異性結(jié)合，使短肽失效。你認(rèn)為這個(gè)解釋對(duì)嗎，____________，請(qǐng)說出你的理由：_________________________。（共2分）
（7）斯坦曼生前嘗試注射過三種DC疫苗，卻還是未能逃出死神的魔掌，請(qǐng)從免疫學(xué)的角度分析導(dǎo)致他死亡的可能原因是：________________________________________。

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科目：初中英語 來源：2011屆河南省九年級(jí)上期期末調(diào)研考試英語卷 題型：其他題

閱讀與回答問題。（本大題共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）

   Jeff Keith has only one leg. When he was 12 years old, Jeff had cancer. Doctors had to cut off most of his right leg. Every day Jeff puts on an artificial(man-made) leg. The leg was plastic. With the plastic leg, Jeff can ski, ride a bicycle, swim and play soccer. He can also run.

   When he was 22 years old, Jeff Keith ran across the United States, from the East to the West. He started running in Boston on April 1. He stopped running in Los Angeles. He ran 5,190 kilometres; that’s about 26 kilometres each day. Jeff wore out 36 pairs of running shoes and five plastic legs.

   Jeff stopped in cities on the way to Los Angeles. In every city people gave Jeff money. The money was not for Jeff. It was for the American Cancer Society. The American Cancer Society used the money to learn about cancer.

   On the way to Los Angeles, Jeff talked to people about cancer. He also talked about being disabled. Jeff is disabled, but he can do many things: he skis, swims, plays soccer, and runs. He finished college and is studying to be a lawyer. Jeff says, “People can do anything they want to do. I want people to know that. I ran not only for disabled people. I ran for everybody.”

1. Why does Jeff have one leg left?

   __________________________________________________________________________

2. What did Jeff do with the money he got on the way to Los Angeles?

   __________________________________________________________________________

3. What does Jeff want to be in the future?

   __________________________________________________________________________

4.How long did it take Jeff to run from Boston to Los Angeles?

   __________________________________________________________________________

5. What does the story want to tell us?(請(qǐng)自擬一句話作答)

   __________________________________________________________________________

 

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科目：初中英語 來源：2011屆江蘇省如皋市初三下學(xué)期第一次月考英語卷 題型：其他題

閱讀與回答問題。（本大題共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）

   Jeff Keith has only one leg. When he was 12 years old, Jeff had cancer. Doctors had to cut off most of his right leg. Every day Jeff puts on an artificial(man-made) leg. The leg was plastic. With the plastic leg, Jeff can ski, ride a bicycle, swim and play soccer. He can also run.

   When he was 22 years old, Jeff Keith ran across the United States, from the East to the West. He started running in Boston on April 1. He stopped running in Los Angeles. He ran 5,190 kilometres; that’s about 26 kilometres each day. Jeff wore out 36 pairs of running shoes and five plastic legs.

   Jeff stopped in cities on the way to Los Angeles. In every city people gave Jeff money. The money was not for Jeff. It was for the American Cancer Society. The American Cancer Society used the money to learn about cancer.

   On the way to Los Angeles, Jeff talked to people about cancer. He also talked about being disabled. Jeff is disabled, but he can do many things: he skis, swims, plays soccer, and runs. He finished college and is studying to be a lawyer. Jeff says, “People can do anything they want to do. I want people to know that. I ran not only for disabled people. I ran for everybody.”

1. Why does Jeff have one leg left?

   __________________________________________________________________________

2. What did Jeff do with the money he got on the way to Los Angeles?

   __________________________________________________________________________

3. What does Jeff want to be in the future?

   __________________________________________________________________________

4.How long did it take Jeff to run from Boston to Los Angeles?

   __________________________________________________________________________

5. What does the story want to tell us?(請(qǐng)自擬一句話作答)

   __________________________________________________________________________

 

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