Question

【題目】

In ancient China, people’s names had three parts: their family name, given name and courtesy name (字).

Take Li Bai, a famous Tang Dynasty poet as an example. His family name was Li, his given name was Bai, and his courtesy name was Taibai.

People used their given name when they were among family members. But in social (社交的) life, they called each other by their courtesy names to show respect(尊重).

Men would get their courtesy name when they turned 20. It was a symbol of adulthood (成年). Women would get their courtesy name after getting married (結(jié)婚).

One’s courtesy name often had something to do with one’s given name. For example, Mencius’ name was Meng Ke (孟軻). His courtesy name was Ziyu (子輿). Both Ke and Ziyu mean “carriage (馬車(chē))”. Zhuge Liang’s given name was Liang (亮), which means “bright”. His courtesy name was Kongming (孔明), and it means “very bright”.

【1】According to the text, Li Bai maybe get the name Taibai .

A.before he was 20B.before he was an adultC.when he was 20D.when he get married

【2】People often used their when they were with family members.

A.family namesB.given namesC.courtesy namesD.first names

【3】The underlined words " had something to do with" mean " " in Chinese.

A.和……有關(guān)B.和……完全一樣C.和……不一樣D.和……無(wú)關(guān)

【4】The courtesy names often sound like their .

A.family nameB.given nameC.father's nameD.mother's name

【5】What's the main(主要的) idea of the text?

A.Why did ancient Chinese have more than one name?

B.When did ancient Chinese have more than one name?

C.Where did ancient Chinese get more than one name?

D.How did ancient Chinese get more than one name?

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】A

【4】B

【5】A

【解析】

本文主要介紹中國(guó)名字的字。在中國(guó)古代，人名有三個(gè)部分：姓、名、字。男人到了20歲就會(huì)有字。它是成年的象征。女人結(jié)婚后會(huì)得到她們的字。一個(gè)人的字往往與他的名字有關(guān)。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第2段中His family name was Li, his given name was Bai, and his courtesy name was Taibai.和第4段第1句Men would get their courtesy name when they turned 20.可知“據(jù)文中所述，李白20歲時(shí)可能叫太白”；故選C。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第3段第1句People used their given name when they were among family members.可知“人們?cè)诤图胰嗽谝黄饡r(shí)經(jīng)常使用他們的名字。”故選B。

【3】考查詞意猜測(cè)。根據(jù)下文“例如，孟子的名字叫孟可。他的尊稱(chēng)是子玉。柯和子雨都是“馬車(chē)”的意思。諸葛亮的名字叫梁，意思是“亮”。他的尊稱(chēng)是孔明，意思是“非常明亮”�！惫蚀司�One’s courtesy name often had something to do with one’s given name.意思是“一個(gè)人的字往往與他的名字有關(guān)�！惫�had something to do with意思是“和……有關(guān)”；故選A。

【4】考查推理判斷題。根據(jù)第5段“例如，孟子的名字叫孟可。他的尊稱(chēng)是子玉�？潞妥佑甓际恰榜R車(chē)”的意思。諸葛亮的名字叫梁，意思是“亮”。他的尊稱(chēng)是孔明，意思是“非常明亮”�！笨芍�“字聽(tīng)起來(lái)常常像他們的名字”；故選B。

【5】考查主旨題。本文主要介紹中國(guó)名字的字。故本文的主要內(nèi)容是“為什么古代中國(guó)人有不止一個(gè)名字？”；故選A。

對(duì)于閱讀理解題，首先要粗讀文章了解大意，其次通過(guò)細(xì)讀，理解全文。在粗讀的基礎(chǔ)上，仔細(xì)閱讀題后所給的題目，根據(jù)題目要求，再有重點(diǎn)地返回來(lái)仔細(xì)閱讀。在閱讀理解的題目中，所設(shè)問(wèn)題主要有以下幾種方式：找主題或概括文章的中心思想、就文中的具體事實(shí)和情節(jié)進(jìn)行提問(wèn)、根據(jù)文章的表層意思進(jìn)行深層次的推理判斷等，在細(xì)讀時(shí)，要根據(jù)設(shè)問(wèn)的方式，進(jìn)行有側(cè)重地閱讀。1、概括文章中心思想。1)文首呈現(xiàn)主題句。2)文尾出現(xiàn)主題句。3)首尾呼應(yīng)展現(xiàn)主題。4)文中表述主題。前面提出問(wèn)題，文中的主題由隨之陳述的細(xì)節(jié)或合乎邏輯的引申在文中導(dǎo)出，而后再做進(jìn)一步的解釋。5)文章沒(méi)有主題句。在這種情況下，考生要把所有的細(xì)節(jié)綜合起來(lái)。進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括歸納出文章的主題句。2.掌握文章的具體事實(shí)和重要情節(jié)。在考題中，經(jīng)常會(huì)見(jiàn)到就文章中某一具體事實(shí)和重要情節(jié)進(jìn)行測(cè)試的題目。這就要求考生在閱讀時(shí)要注意辨認(rèn)和記憶具體事實(shí)，重要情節(jié)，事物的起因、過(guò)程、結(jié)果及發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間等，這些都有可能作為測(cè)試點(diǎn)。還有一些測(cè)試題，要求考生在理解的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)自己的思維將理解的內(nèi)容系統(tǒng)化，比如計(jì)算、排序等題型。