Question

【題目】任務(wù)型閱讀

Mystery of mirages

Earlier this month on a Sunday afternoon, a giant “ancient city” appeared on the surface of Hongze Lake in Jiangsu province. But after about half an hour, the “city” was gone.

You might think that some unknown forces were at work, but it’s believed that the “city on the lake” was actually a mirage.

A mirage is a trick that light and air play with bur vision（視覺(jué)）. Normally, light travels in a straight line, but it can bend（彎曲）and change direction depending on what it passes through. This bending is called "refraction （折射）”.

If different layers（層）of air are at different temperatures, light will bend at different angles（角度）when passing through them. This can create a false image（影像）of a nearby object.

Take the “city on the lake” as an example. The layer of air near the lake is colder than the higher layers, as the lake absorbs（吸收）most of the heat. The buildings in the mirage were actually on a nearby mountain. But their image showed up above the lake after light refracted in different layers of air.

Mirages happen not only over large bodies of water, but anywhere where the ground can absorb a lot of heat. They are often seen on hot roads and in deserts. The next time you think you see a pool of water on the road on a hot summer day, you will know it's just a mirage—an image of the sky caused by bending light.

Mystery of mirages
A piece of news	A giant【1】city appeared on Hongze Lake but disappeared about half an hour later. It’s believed that the city on the lake was in fact a mirage.
What mirage is.	A mirage is a【2】image of a nearby object that you can see on lakes, roads and in【3】.
【4】it is created.	Light usually travels in a【5】line. But when it【6】through different layers of air that are at different【7】, it can bend at different angles and change【8】. Then a mirage is【9】.
【10】it can be seen.	Mirages can happen in any place where the ground can absorb a lot of heat.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】ancient

【2】false

【3】deserts

【4】How

【5】straight

【6】passes

【7】temperatures

【8】direction

【9】created

【10】Where

【解析】

你聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)海市蜃樓嗎？這篇短文給我們講述了海市蜃樓形成的原因，其實(shí)它的原理是光的折射。

【1】根據(jù)短文開(kāi)頭 “Earlier this month on a Sunday afternoon, a giant “ancient city” appeared on the surface of Hongze Lake in Jiangsu province.”可知，洪澤湖上形成了一個(gè)巨大的古老的城市。由此可知，這里應(yīng)填ancient，意為“古老的”。故答案為ancient。

【2】根據(jù)短文第四段 “This can create a false image（影像）of a nearby object.”可知，海市蜃樓形成的影像是假的。故答案為false。

【3】根據(jù)短文第一段可知，在江蘇省的洪澤湖上出現(xiàn)了海市蜃樓；再根據(jù)最后一段 “They are often seen on hot roads and in deserts.”可知，海市蜃樓還可以出現(xiàn)在熱的道路或者是沙漠里。故答案為deserts。

【4】根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)以及這一欄后面的內(nèi)容可知，這里介紹了海市蜃樓是如何形成的，因此這里應(yīng)用疑問(wèn)詞How。故答案為How。

【5】根據(jù)短文第三段 “Normally, light travels in a straight line”可知，光通常是沿直線傳播的。故答案為straight。

【6】根據(jù)短文第四段 “If different layers（層）of air are at different temperatures, light will bend at different angles（角度）when passing through them.”可知，當(dāng)光穿過(guò)不同溫度的空氣層的時(shí)候，光就會(huì)以不同的角度彎曲。題干是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)it是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。故答案為passes。

【7】根據(jù)短文第四段 “If different layers（層）of air are at different temperatures, light will bend at different angles（角度）when passing through them.”可知，當(dāng)光穿過(guò)不同溫度的空氣層的時(shí)候，光就會(huì)以不同的角度彎曲。故答案為temperatures。

【8】根據(jù)短文第三段 “Normally, light travels in a straight line, but it can bend（彎曲）and change direction depending on what it passes through.”可知，當(dāng)光穿過(guò)不同溫度的空氣層的時(shí)候，光會(huì)彎曲并且改變方向。故答案為direction。

【9】根據(jù)短文第四段 “This can create a false imagine（影像）of a nearby object.”可知，當(dāng)光穿過(guò)不同溫度的空氣層的時(shí)候，光就會(huì)以不同的角度彎曲，這樣就會(huì)在物體附近形成一個(gè)假的影像。題干中使用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，這個(gè)空應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞形式。故答案為created。

【10】根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)以及這一欄后面的內(nèi)容可知，這一部分介紹的是在哪些地方容易形成海市蜃樓，這里應(yīng)用疑問(wèn)詞where。故答案為Where。