Question

【題目】

In the park, you see a group of people, all looking up at the sky. Without thinking about it, you look upwards, too. Why? In the concert, someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in. You do, too. Why?

Sometimes we feel we are acting correctly when we do the same as others. The more people follow an idea, the better or truer we think the idea is. It’s the social proof(社會認同感) that works.

The scientist Asch carried out an experiment. It shows how social proof can influence us. In a room, a man is shown Line 1, and next to it are three lines(A, B, C). A is longer, C is shorter and B is as long as Line 1. He must tell which of the three lines is as long as Line 1. When the man is alone, he gives the correct answer B. Then, five other man enter the room, and each of them gives the answer C as they were told to. Now the man changes his idea and gives the answer C. Asch got the same result many times among different subjects(實驗對象).

Why do we act like this? Well, in the past, following others was a way to keep away from danger. Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting(打獵) with friends. Suddenly, they all ran away. What would you have done? Would you have stayed? No, you would have run, too. We are descendants(后代) of those who copied others’ action. It is so deeply planted in our mind that we still use it now.

Social proof has special power. The advertising industry, for example, often makes use of it. So be careful whenever a company says its product is “the most popular”.

【1】At the beginning of the passage, the writer leads in the topic by ____.

A. telling a storyB. giving examples

C. answering questionsD. showing a map

【2】According to Paragraph 3, the experiment by Asch shows ____.

A. following others is always right

B. social proof may change people’s ideas

C. it’s difficult to carry out the experiment

D. people can study better if they are alone

【3】The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 4 refers to ____.

A. running with othersB. hunting with friends

C. copying others’ actionD. doing something different

【4】According to the passage, we can infer(推斷) that ____.

A. it’s important to run with others anytime

B. products in the advertisement are the best

C. we mustn’t copy others’ action to keep safe

D. we need to think twice before following others

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】B

【3】C

【4】D

【解析】

文章大意：本文主要通過一些社會現(xiàn)象以及科學家做的實驗，告訴大家不要盲目隨波逐流。

【1】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知，分別講了在公園和在音樂會上的兩種現(xiàn)象——別人抬頭看天空你也會不自覺地看天空，別人在音樂會上鼓掌，不一會兒整個屋子的人都會跟著鼓掌。通過這兩個例子引出本文主題，故答案選B。

【2】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第3段中的信息It shows how social proof can influence us. 它說明了社會認同感是如何影響我們的；故答案選B。

【3】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文We are descendants(后代) of those who copied others’ action. 我們是那些復制他人行為的人的后代。結(jié)合本句It is so deeply planted in our mind它深深的植入了我們的思想中，“它”指的就是復制其他人的行為這件事；故答案選C。

【4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章我們可以推斷，在追隨其他人之前，我們需要再三考慮．恰巧這也是整篇文章的主旨，不要盲目隨波逐流。故答案選D。