Question

【題目】用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使短文完整正確。（每個(gè)單詞限用一次。每空只填一個(gè)單詞。）

walk, develop, he, can, take careful, father, great, thing, learn

There are all kinds of trains in the world. There are trains to carry people, trains to carry animals or carry 【1】. There are fast trains and slow ones. When I watch or 【2】 trains from one place to another, I will often think of this great man—George Stephenson.

George Stephenson was born in 1781 in a poor family. He began to work when he was only eight. When George was fourteen, he became his 【3】 helper.He spent a lot of time 【4】.about engines.On holidays, he often took engines into pieces and studied each piece 【5】. Soon he became a very good worker though he 【6】 not read or write.

He started to learn the English letters when he was seventeen years old. Every day after he did twelve hours of hard work, he 【7】 a long way to have lessons from a young teacher. On his eighteenth birthday, his own name was written by 【8】 for the first time in his life. George invented many things in his life. The train was the 【9】 one among them.

From then on, people have been improving the train all the time. So far people have 【10】 many kinds of high-speed trains in China, such as High-Speed Electric Multiple Units (EMU) Train (高速動(dòng)車組列車), Direct Express (直達(dá)列車), express (特快), fast trains，and so on.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】things

【2】take

【3】father’s

【4】learning

【5】carefully

【6】could

【7】walked

【8】himself

【9】greatest

【10】developed

【解析】

這篇短文介紹了喬治·斯蒂芬森童年時(shí)雖然沒(méi)有上過(guò)學(xué)，但是通過(guò)自己的辛勤勞動(dòng)和不懈努力，最后成為一名偉大的發(fā)明家，他發(fā)明的火車人們一直在改進(jìn)，現(xiàn)在人們已經(jīng)發(fā)展了多種高速列車。

【1】句意：有運(yùn)送人的火車，運(yùn)送動(dòng)物或物品的火車。

根據(jù)“trains to carry people, trains to carry animals”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，可知此處指運(yùn)送物品的火車，thing東西，物品，此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示類別，故填things。

【2】句意：當(dāng)我觀看火車或坐火車從一個(gè)地方到另一個(gè)地方時(shí)，我常常會(huì)想起這位偉人喬治·斯蒂芬森。

根據(jù)“from one place to another”可知此處指乘坐火車；take trains乘坐火車，故填take。

【3】句意：當(dāng)喬治十四歲時(shí)，他成為他的父親的助手。

根據(jù)his及helper可知此處缺少限定詞，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)及句意，可知此處指他成為他的父親的助手，father父親，名詞所有格形式為father’s，結(jié)合句意，故填father’s.

【4】句意：他花費(fèi)了很多時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。

learn about學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)于……；spend time doing sth花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事。結(jié)合句意，故填learning。

【5】句意：在假期，他經(jīng)常把發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)拆成零件并對(duì)每一零件都仔細(xì)研究。

根據(jù)后文“Soon he became a very good worker…”可知此處指他認(rèn)真研究每個(gè)零件，careful仔細(xì)的，認(rèn)真的，形容詞，對(duì)應(yīng)的副詞為carefully，此處用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，故填carefully。

【6】句意：雖然他不會(huì)讀不會(huì)寫(xiě)，但很快他就成了一個(gè)很好的工人。

根據(jù)句中結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處缺少情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞，結(jié)合所給詞匯，可知此處指他不能讀不能寫(xiě)；can能，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)短文介紹的是過(guò)去的事情，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填could。

【7】句意：每天上完十二個(gè)小時(shí)的艱苦工作后，他走很長(zhǎng)一段路去上一位年輕教師的課。

此處缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；根據(jù)“a long way”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知此處指他走很長(zhǎng)的路，walk步行，根據(jù)短文介紹的是過(guò)去的事情，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填walked。

【8】句意：在他十八歲生日那天，他的名字是他有生以來(lái)第一次自己寫(xiě)的。

根據(jù)上文他學(xué)習(xí)努力學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，可知此處指他自己寫(xiě)了自己的名字，by oneself靠自己，he對(duì)應(yīng)的反身代詞為himself他自己，結(jié)合句意，故填himself。

【9】句意：火車是發(fā)明中最偉大的一個(gè)。

火車是偉大的發(fā)明，great偉大的；根據(jù)比較范圍“among them.”可知此處填寫(xiě)形容詞最高級(jí)，故填greatest。

【10】句意：到目前為止，在中國(guó)人們已經(jīng)發(fā)展了許多種高速列車。

have+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；根據(jù)后文的舉例可知人們發(fā)展了許多高速火車，develop發(fā)展，過(guò)去分詞為developed，結(jié)合句意，故填developed。

選詞填空使短文完整的試題，首先要通讀短文弄清短文大意，短文的主要時(shí)態(tài)，然后聯(lián)系上下文推斷空缺處的意思，結(jié)合所給詞匯，做出選擇，同時(shí)要注意用所選詞匯的正確形式。最后再讀短文以保證句意連貫，意思通順，結(jié)構(gòu)正確。例如小題9，根據(jù)上文“George invented many things in his life.” 可知此處指火車是發(fā)明中……的一個(gè)，此處填寫(xiě)形容詞，對(duì)比選項(xiàng)，可知此處指火車是偉大的發(fā)明，根據(jù)比較級(jí)范圍among them，可知此處填寫(xiě)最高級(jí)，故填greatest。