Question

【題目】Translation:

【1】他是這些科學(xué)家中唯一的一個(gè)對(duì)災(zāi)難起因進(jìn)行了調(diào)查的。（定語從句）

【2】我們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記發(fā)生在2008年的那場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。（劃線部分定語從句）

當(dāng)汶川經(jīng)歷了8級(jí)地震的消息被報(bào)道后（劃線部分同位語從句），全世界的人們都震驚了。

【3】那本封面很舊的書肯定是很久以前出版的。（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表猜測(cè)）

【4】如果當(dāng)時(shí)他聽從醫(yī)生的勸告，他現(xiàn)在可能還活著。（虛擬語氣）

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】He is the only one of the scientists who makes an investigation into the cause of the disaster.

【2】We’ll never forget the accident which/that happened in 2008. The news was reported that Wen Chuan experienced an earthquake on a scale of 8, people all over the world were shocked.

【3】The book whose cover was old must have been published long time ago.

The book, the cover of which was old must have been published long time ago.

【4】If he had followed the doctor’s advice at that time, then he might be alive now.

【解析】

【1】句意：他是這些科學(xué)家中唯一的一個(gè)對(duì)災(zāi)難起因進(jìn)行了調(diào)查的。（定語從句）

根據(jù)句意可知此句主從句時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。the only one of the scientists：這些科學(xué)家中唯一的一個(gè)，是定語從句的先行詞；先行詞有the only修飾，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中做主語，先行詞是人用who引導(dǎo)此定語從句，本句先行詞是單數(shù)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞使用單數(shù)；短語make an investigation into：對(duì)……的調(diào)查；the cause of the disaster：災(zāi)難起因；故答案為He is the only one of the scientists who makes an investigation into the cause of the disaster. 。

【2】句意：①我們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記發(fā)生在2008年的那場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。（劃線部分定語從句）

②當(dāng)汶川經(jīng)歷了8級(jí)地震的消息被報(bào)道后（劃線部分同位語從句），全世界的人們都震驚了。

①根據(jù)句意可知主句時(shí)態(tài)是一般將來時(shí)，定語從句時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)。定語從句的先行詞the accident（那場(chǎng)災(zāi)難）是物，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中做主語，可知使用which或that引導(dǎo)此定語從句；故第一句答案為We’ll never forget the accident which happened in 2008.

②根據(jù)句意可知此句時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)。汶川經(jīng)歷了8級(jí)地震：Wen Chuan experienced an earthquake on a scale of 8，是同位語，對(duì)消息進(jìn)一步說明，引導(dǎo)同位語從句只能用that；全世界的人們：people all over the world；be shocked： 震驚；故答案為The news was reported that Wen Chuan experienced an earthquake on a scale of 8, people all over the world were shocked.。

【3】句意：那本封面很舊的書肯定是很久以前出版的。（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表猜測(cè)）

must have done：表示對(duì)過去事情的肯定推測(cè)，意思是“一定做過某事”，該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于肯定句。根據(jù)句意此句是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為must have been done：某物一定被怎么了；用限制性定語從句表達(dá)是The book whose cover was old must have been published long time ago.；用非限制性定語表達(dá)是The book, the cover of which was old must have been published long time ago.故答案為The book whose cover was old must have been published long time ago./The book, the cover of which was old must have been published long time ago.。

【4】句意：如果當(dāng)時(shí)他聽從醫(yī)生的勸告，他現(xiàn)在可能還活著。（虛擬語氣）

表達(dá)與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，其句型是：If +從句（時(shí)態(tài)是過去完成時(shí)），主語+would/should/might/could/ought to…)+do sth.；故答案為If he had followed the doctor’s advice at that time, then he might be alive now.。