Question

【題目】 When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly. Back in 1983,two scientists,Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin,reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals which are called VOCs for short.

Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked .It’s a plant’s way of crying out.But is anyone listening？Exactly.Because we can watch the neighbours react.

Some plants release smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty .They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.Once they arrive,the tables are turned .The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.

In study after study,it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors .The damage is usually more serious on the first plant,but the neighbors ,relatively speaking ,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.

Does this mean that plants talk to each other？ Scientists don’t know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasn’t a true communication.

Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(親密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. The world is .

【1】Does a leafy plant sit quietly when it is under attack?

【2】What does a plant do when it is under attack?

【3】How can scientists know that there is someone listening to the crying?

【4】What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraphs 3?

【5】From the scientists' studies, can plants protect themselves against insects or really talk to each other?

【6】What can be filled in the blank at end of the passage?

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】No,it doesn’t.

【2】It sends out certain chemicals.

【3】They can watch the neighbours react.

【4】The attackers get attacked.

【5】Yes,they can.

【6】The world is more complex than it seems.

【解析】

講述了植物是如何保護(hù)自己的，植物可以通過(guò)釋放化學(xué)物質(zhì)來(lái)發(fā)出警告，研究表明，一些植物不但可以保護(hù)自己免受昆蟲(chóng)的傷害，還能以昆蟲(chóng)為食，所以說(shuō)世界比表面上看起來(lái)更復(fù)雜，僅僅憑借我們的感官不能了解全部的世界。

【1】題干“一株葉子茂密的植物在受到攻擊時(shí)會(huì)安靜地坐著嗎？” 根據(jù)文中When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly.可知當(dāng)一株葉子茂盛的植物受到攻擊時(shí)，它不會(huì)靜靜地坐著。這里是做否定回答，No,it doesn’t.不，它不會(huì)。故填No,it doesn’t。

【2】題干“植物受到攻擊時(shí)會(huì)做什么？” 根據(jù)文章第一段reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get可知，年輕的楓樹(shù)被昆蟲(chóng)咬后會(huì)發(fā)出一種特殊的氣味，這種氣味是鄰近的植物可以聞到的。故填It sends out certain chemicals.。

【3】題干“科學(xué)家怎么知道有人在聽(tīng)哭聲？” 根據(jù)文章第二段It’s a plant’s way of crying out.But is anyone listening？Exactly.Because we can watch the neighbours react可知，這是一種植物的叫聲。但是有人在聽(tīng)嗎？正是因?yàn)槲覀兡芸吹洁従拥姆磻?yīng)。故填They can watch the neighbours react. 。

【4】題干“作者在第3段中所說(shuō)的“扭轉(zhuǎn)局面”是什么意思？” 根據(jù)文章第三段Once they arrive,the tables are turned .The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch可知，他們一到，桌子就轉(zhuǎn)了。正在吃午飯的襲擊者現(xiàn)在變成了午餐。故填The attackers get attacked.。

【5】題干“從科學(xué)家的研究來(lái)看，植物能保護(hù)自己不受昆蟲(chóng)的侵害，還是真的能相互交流？” 根據(jù)文章第四段In study after study,it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors .The damage is usually more serious on the first plant,but the neighbors ,relatively speaking ,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do可知，這里是肯定回答。Yes,they can.是的，它們是。故填Yes,they can.。

【6】題干“文章結(jié)尾的空白處可以填什么？” 根據(jù)文章最后一段imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(親密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak可推理得出。這里是說(shuō)世界看上去似乎更復(fù)雜。故填The world is more complex than it seems.

認(rèn)真閱讀文章，認(rèn)真核實(shí)答案，同時(shí)必須檢查一下書(shū)寫(xiě)是否規(guī)范，句子的時(shí)態(tài)、人稱(chēng)、單復(fù)數(shù)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、詞性、主謂搭配等是否正確，這是答題的最后一步，也是很關(guān)鍵的一步。

完成上面的答題程序后，我們還要注意下面三點(diǎn): 第一個(gè)是能簡(jiǎn)略回答，盡量簡(jiǎn)略回答。第二要記住，句子開(kāi)頭首字母要大寫(xiě)；標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)要規(guī)范；單詞拼寫(xiě)要正確無(wú)誤，書(shū)寫(xiě)要認(rèn)真。第三點(diǎn)同學(xué)們切記，要對(duì)照題目，根據(jù)需要對(duì)句子的人稱(chēng)，時(shí)態(tài)，單復(fù)數(shù)，主謂搭配等方面進(jìn)行核對(duì)。