Question

【題目】閱讀填空 先通讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在文章后表格的空格內(nèi)填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。所填單詞必須寫在答題卡對應(yīng)題號的橫線上。每個空格只能填一個單詞。

Getting electricity has always been a problem for the 173 people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a small village in Peru, South America. However, things went worse in March 2017 after heavy rains damaged the only power cables(電纜) in the area. The villagers were forced to use oil lamps, which are not only expensive but also dangerous because of the harmful gases they produce.

Luckily, researchers at the University of Technology (UT) in Lima, Peru heard about their problem and found a wonderful method to solve it. They made a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be easily found in the Amazonian rainforest where the village lies. The lamp takes energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and uses it to light up an LED light bulb.

While that may sound amazing and even impossible, the science behind the idea is quite simple. As plants create their food (using the sun’s energy, water and chemicals from the soil), they also produce waste which they return to the soil. Tiny animals in the soil eat this waste and they produce electrons(電子). The UT team put special sticks inside the soil to get the energy and keep it in the lamp’s batteries for later use. The researchers say a single charge(電荷) can power a 50-walt LED light for two hours－enough time for local villagers to get their evening work done.

The university gave ten Plant Lamps to the villagers of Nuevo Saposoa in October 2017. So far, they have been a huge success! Elmer Ramirez, the UT professor who invented the lamp, believes the Plant Lamp could help improve the lives of many people, especially small rainforest communities, 42% of whom have no electricity.

Topic: A new invention－the Plant Lamp
The problem in the small village	The people living in Nuevo Saposoa have much 【1】 getting electricity. However, things went worse for the only power cables there were destroyed by heavy rains. The villages had to use oil lamps, although they are expensive to use and can be bad for people’s health.
The method to solve the problem	★Some researchers made a new kind of lamp. It can be powered by【2】 objects found in the rainforest－plants and soil. ★The lamp takes energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and uses it to light up an LED light bulb.
The science explanation	★Plants create their food and produce waste which is【3】 to the soil at the same time. Some tidy animals feed on the waste and produce electrons. ★The UT team can get the energy and keep it in the lamp’s batteries. A 50-walt LED light can be powered by a single charge for local villagers to【4】 their evening work.
Conclusion	Ten Plant Lamps were given to the villagers in October 2017 and they have been very【5】 since then. Elmer Ramirez, the inventor of the lamp, believes that they could be the most helpful for the small rainforest communities.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】difficulty/ trouble

【2】common

【3】returned

【4】complete/finish

【5】successful

【解析】

你聽說過植物燈嗎？這篇短文為我們介紹的就是這種植物燈，事情發(fā)生在南美洲秘魯?shù)囊粋�小村莊里，那里因為暴雨電纜被毀壞而停電，科學(xué)家們制造了用植物和土壤提供能量的燈。

【1】根據(jù)短文開頭Getting electricity has always been a problem for the 173 people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a small village in Peru, South America可知，南美洲秘魯?shù)倪@個小村莊在獲取電力上一直有困難。題目中則使用了句型have difficulty/trouble in doing sth.做某事有困難。

【2】根據(jù)短文第二段They made a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be easily found in the Amazonian rainforest where the village lies.可知，提供能量的是植物和土壤，這兩樣?xùn)|西在那個村莊所在的亞馬遜雨林里是非常常見的。由文意可知，這里填common普遍的，常見的。

【3】根據(jù)短文第三段As plants create their food (using the sun’s energy, water and chemicals from the soil), they also produce waste which they return to the soil.可知，植物制造他們的食物時，他們也會產(chǎn)生廢物，并將其返回土壤。題目中這句話使用了被動語態(tài)，因此這里填過去分詞returned。

【4】根據(jù)短文第三段The researchers say a single charge(電荷) can power a 50-walt LED light for two hours－enough time for local villagers to get their evening work done.可知，一次充電可以使50瓦的LED燈照明兩個小時，這個時間足夠讓村民們把他們晚上的工作做完。原文get sth. done使某事完成，題目中使用了動詞不定式，故這里填動詞原形finish或者complete，都是“完成”的意思。

【5】根據(jù)短文最后一段The university gave ten Plant Lamps to the villagers of Nuevo Saposoa in October 2017. So far, they have been a huge success!可知，這種植物燈到目前為止非常的成功。原文是用了名詞短語a huge success，題目中空前have been是系動詞，這里應(yīng)填形容詞successful，成功的。

這個短文給我們介紹了科學(xué)家們?yōu)榻鉀Q秘魯?shù)囊粋�村子的用電問題，而發(fā)明的植物燈。短文是科普類的說明文，所談?wù)摰脑掝}可能與學(xué)生們的日常生活相距較遠，文章中也有一些生詞和較難理解的句子，因此文章比較難理解。題型是任務(wù)型閱讀，要求閱讀短文，完成表格中的信息，觀察表格可知，它是對文章內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)的一個概括。做題時，應(yīng)先通讀短文，掌握大概意思，抓住文章主題；然后根據(jù)表格中題目所問，先鎖定原文相關(guān)的句子，再根據(jù)題目中句子使用的句型，填寫適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意我們找到的原文中的句子與題目中表達的方式是不一樣的，所以很多時候都需要改變形式，或者填寫與原文表達意思相同的另外的詞。例如第4小題，根據(jù)短文第三段The researchers say a single charge(電荷) can power a 50-walt LED light for two hours－enough time for local villagers to get their evening work done.可知，一次充電可以使50瓦的LED燈照明兩個小時，這個時間足夠讓村民們把他們晚上的工作做完。原文get sth. done使某事完成，題目中使用了動詞不定式，故這里填動詞原形finish或者complete，都是“完成”的意思。