Question

【題目】 Life is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out.

Sir John Gurdon is a good example of this. As a boy, he was told he was hopeless in science and finished bottom of his class. However, aged 79, the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell(干細(xì)胞) researcher Shinya Yamanaka.

Like so many scientists, Gurdon shows us where the power of curiosity and perseverance(堅持不懈) can lead.

At the age of 15 in 1948, Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in biology and every other science subject. Gurdon's high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was quite ridiculous．

In spite of his teacher's criticism（批評）, Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard. He went to the lab earlier and left later than anyone else. He experienced thousands of failures.

“My own belief is that we will, in the end, understand everything about how cells actually work，” Gurdon said.

In 1962, Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog and moved its genetic(基因的) information into an egg cell. The egg cell then grew into a clone(克隆) of the adult frog. This technique later helped to create the sheep Dolly in 1996, the first cloned mammal(哺乳動物) in the world.

In 2006, Gurdon's work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample(樣本) of a person's skin can be used to create stem cells. Using this technique, doctors can repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.

“Luck favors the prepared mind，”Gurdon told the Nobel Prize Organization. “Ninety percent of the time things don't work, but when they do, you have to seize (抓住) the chance.”

【1】Who won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine?

A.Sir John Gurdon.B.Shinya Yamanaka.

C.Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka.D.Gurdon's science teacher.

【2】What does the underlined word “ridiculous” mean in Chinese?

A.無知的B.無畏的C.荒廢的D.荒謬的

【3】According to the passage, which statement is true?

A.As a boy, Gurdon was told he was hopeful.

B.Gurdon ranked first at his high school in biology.

C.It's impossible for the doctors to repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.

D.In spite of his teacher's criticism, Gurdon kept working hard.

【4】What's the main idea of the passage?

A.Ninety percent of the time things don't work.B.Luck favors the prepared mind.

C.Life is full of surprises.D.How cells actually work.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】D

【3】D

【4】B

【解析】

文章大意：文章講述了John Gurdon通過自己的努力，成為一名出色的科學(xué)家的故事。這個故事告訴我們好運是留給有準(zhǔn)備的人的。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二、三行“the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell(干細(xì)胞) researcher Shinya Yamanaka”可知，在2012年，Shinya Yamanaka和Gurdon獲得了諾貝爾獎，故選C。

【2】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第一、二行“Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in biology and every other science subject”可知，Gurdon在學(xué)校的成績排在最后，由此推出老師覺得Gurdon是荒謬的，故選D。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一行“As a boy, he was told he was hopeless in science”可知，A是錯誤的；根據(jù)第四段第一行“Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in biology”可知，B是錯誤的；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的第二、三行“Using this technique, doctors can repair a patient's heart after a heart attack”可知，C是錯誤的；根據(jù)第五段第一行“In spite of his teacher's criticism（批評）, Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard”可知，盡管他的老師批評他，他還是堅持努力工作，所以D是正確的，故選D。

【4】主旨大意題。本文主要講的是Gurdon通過努力堅持而成功的故事，所以B選項的幸運青睞有準(zhǔn)備的人符合此文的主旨。故選B。