As many as 10 of the 17 kinds of penguins（企鵝）may be in danger of disappearing. The number of penguins have decreased(減少) by 30% since 1987.
Penguins are black and white birds that live in the southern part of the world. They are common in South America，New Zealand，Australia and South Africa. Many live near cold waters. But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins cannot fly，but they are fine swimmers. Penguins eat fish and krill(磷蝦).

The warming of the earth is the decrease in penguin populations. The heating of the air has caused ocean waters to become warmer. Higher water temperatures have reduced the supply of fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproduce(繁殖).　 Besides，many adult penguins die of hunger.
Widespread(廣泛的) fishing，exploration for oil and oil leaks(漏) also make penguins be in danger. Poisonous organisms(生物) in ocean water are another danger. Penguins also have their enemies，including wild dogs，sharks，seals and sea lions.
News about penguins is not all bad，however. Several years ago，oil leaking from a ship hurt 40% of the penguins in South Africa. The penguins became covered with oil. But thousands of people helped clean and treat the birds well. Then they returned the penguins to the wild.　 Now these South African penguins are reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking

  1. 1.

    Penguins ___________

    1. A.
      can swim better than fly
    2. B.
      can be found near Oceania (大洋洲)
    3. C.
      eat fish only冬臘月
    4. D.
      live only in cold waters
  2. 2.

    Which of the following is NOT the cause of penguin's decrease in numbers?

    1. A.
      Oil searching
    2. B.
      Widespread fishing
    3. C.
      Human's killing
    4. D.
      Warming of the oceans
  3. 3.

    Why are the penguins in South Africa reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking?

    1. A.
      Because people removed the ship
    2. B.
      Because people sent a lot of penguins to the wild
    3. C.
      Because people helped the penguins
    4. D.
      Because people treated the penguins well
CAD
試題分析：這篇文章講述了現(xiàn)在有很多的企鵝處于絕跡的危險(xiǎn)中，自從1987年企鵝的數(shù)量已經(jīng)減少了30%。
1.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段Many live near cold waters. But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins cannot fly，but they are fine swimmers. Penguins eat fish and krill(磷蝦).許多企鵝生活在冷水附近，但是也有一些生活在加巴格拉群島的溫暖的水域，它們不能飛，但是游泳非常好，它們吃魚和磷蝦。故選C
2.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題，根據(jù)文章第三段第四段Higher water temperatures have reduced the supply of fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproduce. Widespread fishing，exploration for oil and oil leaks also make penguins be in danger.　可知，海水的升溫，人們的濫捕殺戮，石油勘測(cè)和石油泄漏是造成企鵝數(shù)量減少的原因�？芍�，B,C,D正確。故選A
3.根據(jù)文章最后一段thousands of people helped clean and treat the birds well. Then they returned the penguins to the wild.　 Now these South African penguins are reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking.成千上萬的人們幫助清理和非常好地治療企鵝，然后把它們送回大自然。現(xiàn)在南美企鵝的數(shù)量比起石油泄漏之前已經(jīng)上升到了更高的數(shù)量。故選D
考點(diǎn)：科普類說明文
點(diǎn)評(píng)：對(duì)于科普類文章，初中的文章并不會(huì)出現(xiàn)太多的生詞，學(xué)生在解答時(shí)首先可以對(duì)整個(gè)文章花兩分鐘時(shí)間進(jìn)行閱讀，理解作者大概講什么，然后結(jié)合選項(xiàng)中的答案，可以通過相應(yīng)題目與原文進(jìn)行比較，結(jié)合排除法就可以很快得出結(jié)果。
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：050

閱讀理解

　　Do you know when people started to have Olympic mascots? Let's see about her story．The first appeared thirty-five years ago at the Munich Summer Games in 1972．What was it? Can you guess? Oh，it was Waldi，a colorful dog．In the past 28 Olympic Games，some hosts have had as many as three Olympic mascots．But this time，China has five! Do you know what they are? What do you mink of them? Which one do you like best? What do they look like?

　　Beibei

　　The fish stands for the blue Olympic ring．Among the five，she is known to be gentle and pure，strong in water sports．In China，fish and water mean harvest．So Beibei carries the blessing of prosperity (繁榮的祝福)．

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　　The little panda stands for the black Olympic ring．He is childlike and outgoing．Jingjing is good at weight sports．His headdress means humans get on well with nature．

　　Huanhuan

　　The child of fire stands for the red Olympic ring．He is in the centre，the big brother of five．He carries the Olympic spirit．He is the most warm-heart-ed and outgoing of the five．He can do well in all ball games．

　　Yingying

　　The antelope stands for the yellow Olympic ring．Yingying is smart and moves quickly，like all antelopes．He is strong in track and field (田徑) events．The antelope is one of the first animals put under protection in China．Choosing the antelope shows that China wants a green Olympics．

　　Nini

　　Nini stands for the green Olympic ring．She is as happy and lovely as the swallow．Nini is good at gymnastics (體操)．Her image comes from kite designs， an old art style in China．Nini's golden wings stand for the sky．She brings good luck wherever she flies．

(1)

Do you know who can carry the blessing of prosperity of the five mascots?

　　A．Beibei．　　B．Huanhuan．　　C．Yingying．　　D．Nini．

[　　]

(2)

what does Jingjing's headdress mean?

　　A．The blue Olympic ring．

　　B．Childlike and outgoing．

　　C．Humans get on well with nature．

　　D．Smart and moves quickly．

[　　]

(3)

What sports is Huanhuan good at?

　　A．Water sports．

　　B．Weight sports．

　　C．All ball sports．

　　D．Gymnastics．

[　　]

(4)

_____ stands for the yellow Olympic ring．

　　A．The fish

　　B．The little panda

　　C．The child of fire

　　D．The antelope

[　　]

(5)

What does the artist design Nini according to?

　　A．Green Olympic．

　　B．The Olympic spirit．

　　C．Fish and Water．

　　D．Kite designs，an old art style in China．

[　　]

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科目：初中英語 來源：2013屆度安徽省八年級(jí)上學(xué)期期中考試英語卷 題型：閱讀理解

If you have a problem with speaking, you can do several things. Listen to English as much as possible. You can learn a poem(詩) or a song by heart. You can also learn more dialogues（對(duì)話）. And practice speaking with your friends as much as you can.

Many people find it difficult to listen to English. The answer is to listen as much as you can. However, don’t do too much at one time. It is better to practice listening for five minutes every day. Don’t sit down and listen for an hour at a time. That’s too much! Do choose listening passages that are interesting and not too difficult. Choose（選擇） tapes（磁帶） on which the people speak clearly and not too fast. Take it easy， at first. Success with simple tapes at the beginning is the answer. Later on you can practice with tapes that are more difficult.

Finally, how can you learn to write well? How do you use little words like in, on, of and for? There are two answers to this. First, do some study with new words. Keep a list of verbs like look for, look after and so on. Second, read as much English as possible. There are many things that can’t be learnt. You must see them in books many times. Then you’ll be able to use them correctly(正確地) yourself. So, in order to write well, you must first learn to read much.

1.This passage is about English ______ .

A．spelling, listening, grammar and reading

B．listening, speaking, reading and writing

C．taking exams, pronunciation, reading and writing

D．pronunciation, reading, listening and writing

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B．learn a poem or a song by heart

C．practice speaking with your friends as much as you can

D．a(chǎn)ll above

3.Which of the following is right according to the passage?

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B．At the beginning, you’d better choose the tapes on which the people speak quickly.

C．At first you should begin with simple tapes for listening.

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4.Which of the following ways can help you to improve（提高） your written English? 

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C. Do some study with new words.      D. Both B and C.

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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

完形填空，閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　A

　　IQ(intelligence quotient智商)is a score that shows a person’s level of intelligence. People used to believe that some people are born with a high IQ and some aren’t.

　1 a study by scientist at University College London has challenged(挑戰(zhàn))this idea. According to an article last October on the Journal Nature, scientists are beginning to think that our IQ is not a constant(不變的)score.

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　　Scientists found big changes in the IQ scores between 2008 and 2004. Some　2and some fell 3 as many as 21 points.

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　  1 A. And B. However C. Besides D. Though

　  2 A. rise B. rose C. raise D. raised

　  3 A. of B. with C. by D. from

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　　B

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　  17 A. already B. almost C. hardly D. surely

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在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給。
                                            Shanghaihua (上海話)：use it or lose it
        There are about 6.000 languages in the world and some experts say that as many as half of these languages will disappear in the next one hundred years. Will Shanghaihua be one of t    1     ? It's a question that more
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        In China, Putonghua is the official language. That m     2    it's the language of government, business and
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When people visit Switzerland for the first time，they look with great interest，not only at the mountains but also at a type of clock—a Cuckoo-clock，on sale there．Cuckoo-clocks are very popular with tourists looking for a souvenir．A Cuckoo-clock has a small painted cuckoo that comes out near the top of the clock every half an hour and says，“Cuckoo”．Every hour it comes out and says “Cuckoo” the right number of times．It does not get a sore throat at midnight or mid-day! Children find these clocks wonderful．Adults gradually get annoyed because the cuckoo never misses an hour or a half hour，and this makes a short sleep in an armchair rather difficult．

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D．they find neither the mountains nor the clocks interesting

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