Question

【題目】Elephants are the largest land animals alive today.African elephants live in family groups called herds(群).All of the elephants in the herd take care of each other.The leader of the herd is an old mother elephant.She is the matriarch (族長).A herd may have as few as eight or as many as 100elephants.The other elephants follow the matriarch because she knows how to keep them safe from coming danger.

Elephants learn by watching and copying other elephants， and also learn from life.Baby elephants stay with their mothers until they are fully grown at about ten years old.Elephants live to be 50or 60years old.Elephants are smart animals with long memories.In the dry season， a matriarch can remember where water was found in the past.The herd will follow her there.She can also remember the safest place for baby elephants to cross a fast—moving river.

Elephants talk to each other with rumbling sounds.Some rumbling sounds are so low and deep that people are unable to hear them.Elephants hear sounds not only with their ears， but also with their feet， and even trunks (long noses of the elephants).They also greet each other by touching with their trunks and feet.If danger appears， mothers beat their ears to call their babies to them.

Other animals don’t usually attack(攻擊) elephants.However， a lion might try to attack a sick elephant or a baby.If this happens， the adult elephants circle around the baby elephants.The adults make louder sounds and hit the ground with their trunks.The matriarch puts herself between the lion and the herd.She beats her ears out to make herself look even larger.Then she lowers her herd and attacks the enemy(敵人) in a big cloud of dust(灰塵).

【1】According to Paragraph(段落) One， an elephant herd .

A. has a father elephant as the leader

B. owns a matriarch who keeps it away from danger

C. always has several leaders and hundreds of elephants

【2】Long memories help elephants to .

A. choose their matriarch B. communicate with each other C. find water and cross the river

【3】What does the underlined word "rumbling" mean？

A. 低沉的 B. 尖細(xì)的 C. 高亢的

【4】Why do the adult elephants circle around their babies？

A. To keep their babies safe. B. To welcome their friends. C. To attack their enemies.

【5】The passage mainly tells us about .

A. why the elephants live in herds

B. what the elephants’ living habits are

C. how the elephants avoid being attacked

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】 B

【2】 C

【3】 A

【4】 A

【5】 B

【解析】

很多人都喜歡大象，它是陸地上最大的動(dòng)物，除此之外但你對大象還了解多少呢？這篇短文給我們介紹了大象的一些生活習(xí)性。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第一段中African elephants live in family groups called herds(群). All of the elephants in the herd take care of each other. The leader of the herd is an old mother elephant. She is the matriarch (族長). The other elephants follow the matriarch because she knows how to keep them safe from coming danger.可知，大象是群居動(dòng)物，首領(lǐng)是一頭年紀(jì)大的母象，她是族長，她知道如何保護(hù)群里的大象遠(yuǎn)離危險(xiǎn)。由此可知應(yīng)選B。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段中Elephants are smart animals with long memories. In the dry season, a matriarch can remember where water was found in the past. The herd will follow her there. She can also remember the safest place for baby elephants to cross a fast—moving river.可知，大象有很長的記憶，這樣在干旱的季節(jié)里，母象可以記住過去水的存在；她還能記得最安全的地方。由此可知應(yīng)選C。

【3】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在的上下文的語境Elephants talk to each other with rumbling sounds. Some rumbling sounds are so low and deep that people are unable to hear them.可知，rumbling是大象發(fā)出的聲音，是很低沉的，人們聽不到。故應(yīng)選A。

【4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文最后一段中However, a lion might try to attack a sick elephant or a baby. If this happens, the adult elephants circle around the baby elephants.可知，在獅子攻擊生病的大象或者是幼象的時(shí)候，成年的大象會把幼象圍在中間，這樣做是為了保護(hù)幼象。故應(yīng)選A。

【5】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文意可知，這篇短文給我們介紹了大象的一些生活習(xí)性，包括大象群居，他們有一個(gè)族長；他們之間如何交流；收到攻擊的時(shí)候他們會怎樣等等。因此B選項(xiàng)最能概括文章的大意，選B。

這是一篇科普說明文，給我們介紹了大象的生活習(xí)性。文章篇幅較長，體裁是說明文，在理解上有一定的難度。后面的題目設(shè)置有細(xì)節(jié)理解題、詞義猜測題和主旨大意題。猜測詞義的題目�？疾閷W(xué)生們在具體語境中，猜測一個(gè)生詞的意思。做題時(shí)，必須將該詞還原到具體的語言環(huán)境中，根據(jù)上下文的線索猜測。例如第3小題，這個(gè)題目考查rumbling這個(gè)單詞的意思，根據(jù)它所在的上下文Elephants talk to each other with rumbling sounds. Some rumbling sounds are so low and deep that people are unable to hear them可知，這是大象發(fā)出的聲音，且下句話說到這種聲音是low and deep即低沉的，故應(yīng)選A。