【題目】五、語法填空

閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號中單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

Chen Guanming, a 61yearold Chinese farmer, 【1】(choose) to ride his bicycle all the way from China to Rio during the Rio Olympics. He

called 【2】(he) “Olympic madman”. This was the 【3】(three) Olympics he had. People in Brazil welcomed him in the 【4】(friendly)way after he arrived in Rio.

Seventeen years ago, he started his crazy Olympic adventure(冒險): he traveled around China before the 2008 Beijing Olympics started. Then he went to London Olympics in 2012. In 2016, he went to Rio Olympics. He planned 【5】(finish) his travel around the world in Tokyo for the 2020 Olympics.

He didn't have money, 【6】 people he met on the road gave him a lot of help. So he was able to ride his bicycle to Olympics all the time.

Riding to Olympics was 【7】 enjoyable experience. Chen said, “I do it to follow the Olympic spirit. My biggest hope is to encourage people not to be afraid 【8】 problems.” Although he couldn't watch the games in the stadiums, he was very happy by 【9】(try) his best to join the Olympics. That's 【10】 the Olympics are about.

Unluckily, Chen had a car accident(車禍) on October 18, 2017. He died because of that.

【答案】

【1】 chose

【2】 himself

【3】 third

【4】 most friendly/friendliest

【5】 to finish

【6】 but

【7】 an

【8】 of

【9】 trying

【10】 what

【解析】

陳冠明是一個61歲的中國農(nóng)民，他騎著自己的自行車去了北京奧運(yùn)會、倫敦奧運(yùn)會和里約奧運(yùn)會。他說他這樣做是為了遵循奧林匹克精神，鼓勵人們不要害怕困難。

【1】句意：陳冠明，一個61歲的中國農(nóng)民，在里約奧運(yùn)會期間，選擇騎他的自行車一路從中國來到里約。choose選擇，是一個動詞。根據(jù)文意可知，這篇短文講述的是里約奧運(yùn)會期間的一件事，是過去的事情，全文使用了一般過去時態(tài)，故這里應(yīng)填過去式chose。

【2】句意：他稱自己為“奧運(yùn)會的瘋子”。he他，人稱代詞主格形式。根據(jù)句意可知，這里表示“稱呼他自己…”，應(yīng)用反身代詞，故填himself。

【3】句意：這是他參加的第三次奧運(yùn)會。three三，是一個基數(shù)詞。根據(jù)句意可知，這里表示“第三次”，應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞形式，故填third。

【4】句意：在他到達(dá)里約之后，巴西的人們用最友好的方式歡迎他。friendly友好的，是一個形容詞。根據(jù)句意和空前的the可知，這里表示“最友好的”，應(yīng)用形容詞最高級形式，friendly的最高級有兩種形式，most friendly或者是friendliest。

【5】句意：他計劃在2020年東京奧運(yùn)會的時候完成他的環(huán)球旅行。finish完成，是一個動詞。句中謂語動詞是planned，計劃，常用于句型plan to do sth.計劃做某事，故這里應(yīng)填動詞不定式to finish。

【6】句意：他沒有錢，但是他在路上遇到的人們給了他很多幫助。根據(jù)兩句話的意思didn’t have money和后邊的gave him a lot of help可知，他們之間是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，故這里應(yīng)填but，但是。

【7】句意：騎自行車去奧運(yùn)會是一個令人愉快的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)句意可知，這里應(yīng)填不定冠詞，修飾后面的名詞experience，“經(jīng)歷”，表示“一個…的經(jīng)歷”。空后的enjoyable是元音音素開頭，故填an。

【8】句意：我最大的希望就是鼓勵人們不要害怕困難。這里考查的是固定短語be afraid of…害怕…，故這里填介詞of。

【9】句意：雖然他不能在體育館里觀看奧運(yùn)會，但是通過盡他的最大努力加入奧運(yùn)會，他非常的快樂。try盡力，嘗試，是一個動詞�？涨�by表示“通過…方式”，是一個介詞，后面跟名詞或者動名詞形式，故這里應(yīng)填trying。

【10】句意：那就是奧運(yùn)會的意義所在。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里是一個表語從句，從句中介詞about后缺少賓語，故應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)，代指奧運(yùn)會的意義。

這篇短文給我們介紹了一個普通的中國農(nóng)民騎自行車去參加奧運(yùn)會，他的這種精神正是奧林匹克所倡導(dǎo)的。文章內(nèi)容比較容易理解，題型是語法填空，考查學(xué)生們在具體語境中使用詞匯和短語的能力。這種題型的考查方式有兩種，一種是給出提示詞，用該詞的正確形式填空；另一種是沒有提示詞，根據(jù)文意填寫適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。解題方法：給出提示詞的，應(yīng)根據(jù)它在句中的作用、句中使用的句型等，變化單詞的正確形式。�？疾榈闹R點有：名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、非謂語動詞、形容詞和副詞的基本用法以及比較級和最高級的用法等。例如第1小題，考查動詞choose，選擇。根據(jù)文意可知，這篇短文講述的是里約奧運(yùn)會期間的一件事，是過去的事情，全文使用了一般過去時態(tài)，故這里應(yīng)填過去式chose。再如第4小題，考查了形容詞最高級的用法，根據(jù)句意和空前的the可知，這里表示“最友好的”， friendly的最高級有兩種形式，most friendly或者是friendliest。沒有提示詞的空常考查英語中一些虛詞的用法，如介詞、冠詞、連詞等。如第6小題，考查連詞but，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。再如第8小題，考查的是固定短語be afraid of…害怕…，故這里填介詞of。

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