Researcher Robert Engelman frown Population Action International says by the year 2025 about 3000 million people may lack water. At least 18 more countries are expected to have serious water problems. The need for water keeps increasing.

Mr Engelman says the population in these countries that lack water is growing faster than in other parts of the world. The report says lack of water in the future may result in（導致）several problems. It may even increase ______ problems. Lack of water often means drinking water isn't safe. Mr Engelman says there are problems all over the world because of diseases. Lack of water may also ______ more international conflict（沖突）. Countries may have to compete for water in the future. Some countries, such as Egypt, the Netherlands, Cambodia, now get sixty percent of their fresh water from other countries. And the report says lack of water would affect（影響）the ability of developing to improve their economies. This is ______ new industries（工業(yè)）often need a large amount of water when they are beginning.

The Population Action International study gives several solutions ______ the water problem. One way, it says, is to find ways to use water for more than one purpose. ______ way is to teach people to be careful and not to waste water. A third way is to use less water of agriculture. The ______ also says long-term（長期的）ways of dealing with the water problem must include controls on population growth.

【1】A.healthB.waterC.economyD.healthy

【2】A.takeB.causeC.resultD.change

【3】A.whatB.thatC.howD.because

【4】A.orB.atC.toD.of

【5】A.SecondB.The otherC.AnotherD.Other

【6】A.storyB.reportC.newsD.actions

A. retired B. in fact C. charity D. messages E. argued

One million copies of the seven comic strips describing Mandela's（曼德拉）life were published in South Africa. That was a part of events celebrating his 87th birthday on July 18.

South Africa's first black president Nelson Mandela became a comic strip hero at once: "This project airs at encouraging young people to read," his 【1】 foundation（基金會）said.

"We express the 【2】 and the value of Mr Mandela through comics," added John Samuel, chief executive（決策者J）of the Nelson Mandela Foundation, "Comics area very useful way of bringing young people into reading."

"Comics 【3】 are a very powerful way to introduce literature（文學）, various aspects of reading to young people. And this is our purpose here," he told a news conferhence.

Some people 【4】 that Mr Mandela should not be a comic figure. "It would take a lot more than comics to demean his stature（貶低他的聲望）, "said Samuel.

— Oh,________unforgettable experience it must be!

A.whatB.what anC.how

Throughout the United States there are many towns and cities that have been named after not only European cities but other countries as well, such as China, Poland, Norway, Sweden, and Denmark. Just how many New World place names are recycled from the Old World names has never been tallied, but one researcher found forty-one Londons, fifty-six Berlins, twenty-four Dublins, thirty-two Athenses, and twenty-seven Moscows, among others!

Reasons for European place names differ. Some were in memory of settlers' former homes, others in honor of historic events. Founded in 1818 by John coffee, Robert Beauty, John D. Carroll and John Read, Athens is one of the oldest incorporated cities in the State of Alabama. The town was first called Athenson, and the name was then shortened to Athens, after the ancient city in Greece. More interestingly, some names were given by mistake. For instance, the people of Moscow, Kansas, wanted their city to follow the name of the explorer Moscoso. They shortened his name to Mosco, and an official in Washington, thinking the Kansans couldn't spell, added a "w".

【1】What might have made the official in Washington change Mosco into Moscow?

A.Moscow is a world-famous city name.

B.He thought Moscoso would prefer Moscow.

C.He believed Moscow was a far better name.

D.He couldn't spell very well and made a mistake.

【2】The underlined word "tallied"? In Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to"________".

A.builtB.believedC.addedD.visited

【3】The best title for the passage is ________.

A.The Story of Moscow, Kansas

B.American Cities and Their Names

C.Interesting Names

D.Old World Place Names in America

For cellphone users

②Keep your voice down when you make a phone call in public. Shouting on the phone may make others feel uncomfortable. And you'd better not use it during an appointment(約會).

Stop sending messages or playing games with your cellphone at a dinner or a party. ③這是和你家人以及朋友交流的好時候。

Don't make or answer a call while driving. It is not only very dangerous for both you and your passengers but also against the law.

For subway passengers

You are supposed to wait in line while buying tickets and getting on the subway.

④You're not allowed to eat, drink or smoke on the subway train. The smell and noise may trouble others.

It's our duty to keep the train clean and tidy. Besides, smoking is bad for health.

You can't take pets on the train. As we all know, animals may spread diseases (傳播疾病) and get the train dirty.

You'd better not lie across the subway seats even if the train isn't crowded.

⑤Offering your seat to someone who needs it is regarded as good manners.

【1】①________________________________________

【2】②________________________________________

【3】③________________________________________

【4】④________________________________________

【5】⑤________________________________________

Here is an example. Fruits are delicious. It takes trees a long time to bear them. In the process of growing, trees have to suffer from bad weather, insect bites and also intentional destructions(故意的破壞) from human beings, So it is with us. Our life is like a journey. At the beginning, we set a goal, dreaming of it every night, but we should never forget that we spend most of our time on the journey. Unfortunately, many people only complain about the failure and then give up hope. In fact, it is the failure that teaches us to be brave and stand on our own.

I myself deeply believe that only those who experienced a lot can own the highly-valued characters, and that only those who adventured(冒險) can have the chance to succeed. It is said “No pain, no gain.” We are still young, still full of energy, so why are we afraid of failure and why do we hesitate(猶豫)to take an adventure?

Young men, let’s forget results, leave out pain, and just look forward and don’t miss any chance on the journey!

【1】Reaching our goals will make us________.

A.laugh at othersB.feel pleasedC.set another goal

【2】The underlined phrase “in vain” in the first paragraph means “________”.

A.值得B.益處C.徒勞

【3】The writer gives an example of fruits in order to say________.

A.no pain, no gainB.we should grow trees to get good fruitsC.it's hard for a tree to bear fruits

【4】Only those who________will get really good characters.

A.have gone through a lotB.believe in themselvesC.believe that things will better

【5】The best title for the passage is “________”.

A.Failure Is the Mother of SuccessB.Process Is Also ImportantC.Don't Doubt Yourself

The latest study showed that pangolins (穿山甲) may be an intermediate (中間的) host of virus, according to Xinhua. However, bats are suspected to be the original cause.

"We don't know the source yet, but there's pretty strong evidence that this is a bat origin corona-virus," said Peter Dazsak, president of Eco-Health Alliance, an environmental nonprofit (非營利機構(gòu)), according to The New York Times. "When you look at the genetic sequence (基因序列) of the virus, and you match it up with every known corona-virus, the closest ones are from bats," Dazsak also told CNN.

So why are bats the source of so many deadly kinds of viruses and why don't they suffer from any symptoms (癥狀)? Bats are mammals (哺乳動物) that have a long lifespan (壽命) and live with millions of other bats in caves, where they can potentially spread the virus far and wide. As the only lying mammal, their body temperature is high, similar to a fever It's this fact that may contribute to bats' unique immune system (免疫系統(tǒng)) in protecting from the ill effects of viruses.

But are bats truly to blame for the virus or should we be blaming ourselves? It's the fault (錯誤) of humans for decreasing (減少) the distance between us and virus-carrying bats. Bats are an important animal in our ecosystem (生態(tài)系統(tǒng)) when it comes to pollinating (授粉) many fruits such as mangoes, bananas and avocados. We need to allow them to continue pollination and keep them away from our markets and mouths.

【1】What can we learn about the origin of COVID-19?

A.Bats have been discovered to be its original cause.

B.Pangolins are now considered the most likely source.

C.It's confirmed by comparing sources of several different viruses.

D.The virus was found to be genetically similar to those see in bats.

【2】Why don't bats suffer from the corona-virus?

A.Their low body temperature protects them.

B.Bats have a unique immune system.

C.Bats are the only flying mammal to live in groups.

D.Living in caves helps bats fight against viruses.

【3】What is the main point the author makes in the last paragraph?

A.Virus-carrying bats should be killed.

B.Humans should stay away from bats.

C.Bats benefit but also harm our ecosystem.

D.Bats could spread Viruses during pollination.

【1】The environment will be ________ polluted if people don't take any action.（serious）

【2】Tom practised ________ the piano every night.（play）

【3】This new policy aims to ________ the refugees（難民）.（protective）

【4】Mary has invited us ________ her performance.（watch）

【5】Countless buildings were ________ during the WenChuan earthquake.（destruction）

【6】There are ________ methods we people can take to save our earth.（variety）

【7】My sister often ________ prices when she goes shopping.（comparative）

【8】The road is now less ________ for walkers because it was widened last year.（danger）

【1】You can “pour” chemical materials by________.

A.swiping the screen quickly

B.shaking the “beaker”

C.touching the special corner of your smartphone

【2】If you want to make your photos beautiful, which app can help you?

A.Beaker.B.Butter Camera.C.Monument Valley.

【3】What is the monument like?

A.A maze.B.A real valley.C.A palace

【1】Both Jenny and Mike like________.

A.travelingB.playing sportsC.listening to music

【2】From the chart(圖表) we know that________.

A.Frank will study Chinese medicine

B.Jenny is in a sports club

C.Mike wants to be a baseball player