【題目】讀下圖“流經(jīng)黃土高原的黃河景觀圖”,回答下列問題。
【1】圖中大量泥沙匯入黃河,其主要自然原因有
①黃土疏松 ②河流落差小
③植被覆蓋好 ④夏季多暴雨
A.①② B.①④
C.②③ D.③④
【2】黃土高原面臨的主要環(huán)境問題是
A.氣候變暖 B.旱澇災(zāi)害
C.水土流失 D.土地荒漠化
【3】黃土高原綜合治理和保護環(huán)境的正確措施是
①植樹種草 ②打壩淤地 ③開墾荒地 ④發(fā)展水田
A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
【答案】
【1】B
【2】C
【3】A
【解析】
試題分析:
【1】讀圖可知,圖中大量泥沙匯入黃河,是由于黃土高原水土流失造成的。導(dǎo)致水土流失嚴(yán)重的主要自然原因是黃土高原土質(zhì)疏松,植被稀少,夏季暴雨多等。故選B。
【2】黃土高原地處我國東部季風(fēng)區(qū)向西北內(nèi)陸干旱區(qū)過渡帶、森林向草原的過渡帶等多重過渡地區(qū),生態(tài)環(huán)境脆弱,黃土疏松,地表植被覆蓋率低,降水變率大且集中,加之人類不合理經(jīng)濟活動,導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重水土流失,故選C。
【3】黃土高原綜合治理主要在于防治水土流失?梢圆扇≈矘浞N草方式,提高植被覆蓋率,打壩淤地等工程措施,①②對。而開墾荒地,會加劇水土流失,發(fā)展水田不符合區(qū)域經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的因地制宜原則,③④錯。故選A。
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