Question

【題目】Today’s world is full of plastic goods, from water bottles to car parts. We make plastic toys, toothbrushes, and shopping bags. Plastic is so useful that it’s hard to imagine life without it, but it has not been around that long.

The first plastic was invented in 1869. That’s when American John Wesley Hyatt made a form of plastic from a plant material called cellulose. Before long, his discovery was used to make combs, eyeglasses, buttons, and film.

In the 1900s, petroleum products such as oil replaced cellulose. New kinds of plastic were discovered in the 1950s, and that’s when the real boom began. People started to use plastic in many fields instead of the old materials. Plastics quickly replace paper, glass, metal, and wood in a growing number of products. In 1960, the United States made 6 billion pounds of plastic. By 1988, the output had grown to 50 billion pounds. These days, almost 10 percent of the oil America uses every year is turned into plastic. That’s 2 million barrels of oil a day.

Most of the plastic ever made still exists. Unlike wood, metal, and paper, plastic does not break down easily. Some people think plastic will never break down. Others say it may take 500 or 1,000 years. No one knows for sure because it has been around for too short a time. But if George Washington had used plastic water bottles in the 1700s, those bottles would probably still be around.

Although plastic lasts a long time, we don’t keep plastic products very long. We use them and throw them away. Only about 5 percent of plastic is recycled. A huge amount of it ends up floating in the ocean. Then seabirds, seals, turtles, whales and fish eat it. Scientists often find sea animals that have starved（餓）to death with their stomachs full of plastic. And every time it rains, more trash from city streets flushes into the sea. Much of that trash is plastic.

What can we do about plastic? First, be aware. Oil takes millions of years to form. Should we use up this precious fuel to make flimsy shopping bags that are used once and thrown away? Should any animal pay for our convenience with its life? Each person’s actions can make a difference. It’s time to act now.

【1】What can we know about plastic?

A. Plastic is now widely used in every area of our daily life.

B. America holds the leading position in the world-wide use of plastic.

C. Plastic can last for more than 300 years and will never break down.

D. About 95% of plastic is used once and then thrown away.

【2】Which detail supports the idea that plastic can be dangerous?

A. Animals starve to death after eating plastic.

B. Much of that trash is plastic.

C. About 10 percent of the oil we use every year is made into plastic.

D. John Wesley Hyatt made the first plastic from cellulose.

【3】The underlined word “replace” in paragraph 3 means “______”.

A. Take the charge of B. Increase in value C. Take the place of D. Decrease in value

【4】What might be written in the following paragraph?

A. Reasons about why we should use less plastic.

B. Criticism on those who make and buy plastic.

C. Tips for using plastic in the environmental friendly way.

D. Difference between using plastic and other materials.

【5】What’s the best title of the passage?

A. Amazing Plastic. B. Dangerous Plastic. C. Useless Plastic. D. New Plastic

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】A

【3】C

【4】C

【5】B

【解析】短文介紹了塑料的發(fā)明與使用，給人們的生活帶來(lái)極大的便利，由于塑料長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不能腐爛，會(huì)造成環(huán)境污染，給人類和動(dòng)物造成極大的危害。建議大家都行動(dòng)起來(lái)，對(duì)垃圾袋進(jìn)行循環(huán)利用，加入到保護(hù)環(huán)境的行列之中。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文倒數(shù)第二段中的句子“Although plastic lasts a long time, we don’t keep plastic products very long. We use them and throw them away. Only about 5 percent of plastic is recycled.”可知，。只有大約5%的塑料被回收。也就大約95%的塑料被使用一次，然后就被扔掉了。故答案為D。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干詢問(wèn)哪一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)支持塑料可能是危險(xiǎn)的想法？A. Animals starve to death after eating plastic. 動(dòng)物們吃了塑料后餓死了。B. Much of that trash is plastic. 大部分垃圾是塑料。C. About 10 percent of the oil we use every year is made into plastic. 每年大約10%的石油被制成塑料。D. John Wesley Hyatt made the first plastic from cellulose. John Wesley Hyatt用纖維素制造了第一種塑料。故答案選A。

【3】詞義猜測(cè)題。A. Take the charge of 掌管；B. Increase in value增值，升值；C. Take the place of代替；D. Decrease in value減值，價(jià)值降低。replace是以“re-”為前綴，表示“再”，“又”如：re-read（再讀一次），retell（復(fù)述）recycle（回收利用），re重新 + place 放 → 重新放 → 復(fù)職，引申為代替。因此推測(cè)replace的意思為“代替，取代”，答案為C。

【4】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。A. Reasons about why we should use less plastic. 為什么我們應(yīng)該使用更少的塑料的原因。B. Criticism on those who make and buy plastic. 批評(píng)那些制造和購(gòu)買塑料的人。C. Tips for using plastic in the environmental friendly way. 使用環(huán)保塑料的竅門。D. Difference between using plastic and other materials. 使用塑料和其他材料的差別。根據(jù)短文最后一段中的句子“Should we use up this precious fuel to make flimsy shopping bags that are used once and thrown away? Should any animal pay for our convenience with its life?”我們是不是應(yīng)該用這種珍貴的燃料來(lái)制造一次性扔掉的薄的購(gòu)物袋？動(dòng)物應(yīng)該用它的生命為我們的生活提供便利嗎？因此有必要對(duì)垃圾袋進(jìn)行科學(xué)的循環(huán)利用，掌握一些小竅門，故答案為C。

【5】標(biāo)題歸納題。A. Amazing Plastic. 令人驚奇的塑料；B. Dangerous Plastic. 危險(xiǎn)的塑料；C. Useless Plastic. 無(wú)用的塑料；D. New Plastic新塑料。短文介紹了塑料的發(fā)明與使用，給人們的生活帶來(lái)極大的便利，由于塑料長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不能腐爛，造成環(huán)境污染，給人類和動(dòng)物造成極大的危害，故答案選B。