【題目】動(dòng)詞填空。

【1】I want to make more friends, but I don't know how to get others ________ (talk) with me.

【2】He is going to hospital to have the bad tooth ________ (pull) out tomorrow.

【3】Wars are disasters. A large number of people will lose their homes if a war ______ (break) out.

【4】After ________ (read ) The Diary o f a Yaung Girl, we all hate German Nazis.

【5】Who is the person who ________ (influence) you most in your life?

【6】When the writer ________ (translate) the article into English, he met some new expressions.

【7】My grandpa decides to give up ________ (work) in the field because he is not strong enough.

【8】Can you imagine what ________ (happen) to the world in fifty years?

【9】Jimmy found it hard ________ (finish) the work on time.

【10】Mr White is a good doctor. He devotes his life to ________ (save) patients' lives.

【答案】

【1】to talk

【2】pulled

【3】breaks

【4】reading

【5】has influenced

【6】was translating

【7】working

【8】will happen

【9】to finish

【10】saving

【解析】

【1】句意：我想結(jié)交更多的朋友，但我不知道如何讓別人和我交談。get + sb. + to do使某人做某事，故答案為to talk。

【2】句意：他明天要去醫(yī)院拔掉壞牙。have sth. done讓某人做某事，動(dòng)詞與sth.之間是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，本句中the bad tooth與pull之間也是表示被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，故答案為pulled。

【3】句意：戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是災(zāi)難。如果戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)，很多人將失去家園。if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”的原則，本句中if引導(dǎo)的從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)，注意動(dòng)詞三單形式的使用，故答案為breaks。

【4】句意：讀了《安妮日記》后，我們都憎恨德國(guó)納粹。After為介詞，后跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式，故答案為reading。

【5】句意：誰(shuí)是你一生中影響最大的人？“who __ (influence) you most in your life?”是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞the person，從句表示的是完成的動(dòng)作，要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)表達(dá)，引導(dǎo)詞who在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指代the person，助動(dòng)詞用has，故答案為has influenced。

【6】句意：當(dāng)作者把這篇文章翻譯成英文時(shí)，他遇到了一些新的表達(dá)方式。本句中的“when”想當(dāng)于“while”，表示“正當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”；“he met some new expressions.”中met是meet的過(guò)去式，因此判斷前一個(gè)句子的時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，答案為was translating。

【7】句意：我爺爺決定放棄在田里干活，因?yàn)樗粔驈?qiáng)壯。give up doing sth.放棄做某事，故答案為working。

【8】句意：你能想象五十年后世界將會(huì)發(fā)生什么嗎？in fifty years五十年以后，表示的是將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，句子的時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來(lái)時(shí)，故答案為will happen。

【9】句意：吉米發(fā)現(xiàn)很難按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。it是find的形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞不定式表示，故答案為to finish。

【10】句意：White先生是個(gè)好醫(yī)生。他獻(xiàn)身于挽救病人的生命。devote用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“把……獻(xiàn)給；把……用在”，常與介詞to搭配，構(gòu)成devote ... to ...結(jié)構(gòu)，介詞to之后跟名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。故答案為saving。

動(dòng)詞（包括謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）填空需要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

一、確定動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。

1. 與各種時(shí)態(tài)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：usually，often，always，sometimes，every day，on Sunday等；現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：now，at the moment,有時(shí)句前有Look！或Listen！等詞提示； 一般將來(lái)時(shí)：this Sunday，next week ，tomorrow ， tomorrow morning，on Friday，in＋一段時(shí)間等 ；一般過(guò)去時(shí)：yesterday，just now，last year，an hour ago，in 1985等；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：for＋一段時(shí)間，since＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)，in the past ＋一段時(shí)間，these days，recently；just，never，ever，already，yet，before等。

2. 根據(jù)主從句的關(guān)系來(lái)確定時(shí)態(tài)。在主從復(fù)合句中，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是相互照應(yīng)的。①在含有賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中，如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句要用過(guò)去的相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)；②在賓語(yǔ)從句中，主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可用任意需要的時(shí)態(tài)；③在時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，若主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)、祈使句或含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can, may, must等)，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。

二、確定動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)。如所填動(dòng)詞是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)先根據(jù)主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的主、被動(dòng)關(guān)系，確定動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)，一般說(shuō)，句子主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，則用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。若句子主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作承受者，則用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。不及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

三、確定非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。

如果所填的動(dòng)詞在句子中不作謂語(yǔ)，那么就應(yīng)考慮用動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式。動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式主要有：動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)詞的-ing形式（現(xiàn)在分詞或動(dòng)名詞）、過(guò)去分詞等。到底采用哪一種形式，要根據(jù)習(xí)慣搭配、各種非謂語(yǔ)形式的用途和特點(diǎn)、修辭及句子結(jié)構(gòu)的要求等方面來(lái)決定。

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