Question

【題目】 National disasters around the world are happening at an alarming rate in 2018. Every few weeks, we’re witnessing earthquakes that destroy whole cities, wildfires that burn thousands of lands, and cyclones that cause mass flooding.

Indonesia Tsunami(海嘯）
Date	December 22, 2018
Cause	It’s believed that undersea landslides from the Anak Krakatau volcano caused a violent tsunami which struck at night.
Damages	1,500 injured and an estimated 22,000 displaced
Deaths	430

Fall 2018 California Fires
Date	November 8--November 25
Cause	Though the cause of each is unknown, three separate wildfires broke out in early November 2018: the Camp fire in Paradise; the Hill fire in the Santa Rosa Valley and the Woolsey Fire in Los Angeles and Ventura counties. The worst of the three, the Camp fire, completely destroyed the town of Paradise.
Damages	230,000+ acres (combined)
Deaths	91(combined)

The Indonesia Earthquake And Tsunami
Date	September 28, 2018
Cause	Shifting plates caused the 7.5 magnitude earthquake, and the quake set off the tsunami, which scientist couldn’t predict.
Damages	Roughly 2.4 million people were affected by the pair of natural disasters. More than 1,000 inmates from five prisons escaped after the natural disaster, and policemen are asking them return within the week.
Deaths	844 and counting
Hurricane Florence
Date		started September 13
Cause		The hurricane was caused by naturally occurring weather patterns.
Damages		Within 24hours of landfall, the massive hurricane flooded homes and streets in North Carolina. Up to 40 inches of rain flooded areas of the Carolinas. A week after the hurricane, major highways remained flooded and closed.
Death		42

Super Typhoon Mangkhut
Date	Started week of September 9, 2018
Cause	Natural occurring weather patterns
Damages	The typhoon caused massive flooding and power loss throughout Guam and Marshall. On September 16, the typhoon made landfall in Guangdong, China, killing four people.
Deaths	69+

【1】What caused the Indonesia Earthquake and Tsunami in September?

A.Shifting plates.B.Explosion of the volcanoes.

C.Changes of weather patterns.D.Undersea landslides.

【2】Which natural disaster may cause the most deaths?

A.Typhoon Mangkhut.B.The Indonesia Earthquake and Tsunami.

C.Hurricane Florence.D.Fall 2018 California Fires.

【3】What does the underlined word “inmate “ mean?

A.Patients.B.Policemen.C.Prisoners.D.Doctors.

【4】Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A.The hill fire is the worst among the three separate wildfires in California.

B.Typhoon Mangkhut caused damage to North Carolina and Marshall.

C.A week after Hurricane Florence, major highways became normal.

D.Natural disasters took place frequently in 2018.

【5】Where can we possibly read the passage?

A.Travel guide.B.Science fiction.C.Magazine.D.Advertisement.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】C

【4】D

【5】C

【解析】

2018年全球?yàn)?zāi)難以竟然的速度在發(fā)生，每幾周我們就會(huì)見(jiàn)證地震摧毀城市、野火燒毀陸地和颶風(fēng)引起洪水。本文以表格的方式介紹了特大的自然災(zāi)害。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Shifting plates caused the 7.5 magnitude earthquake, and the quake set off the tsunami, which scientist couldn’t predict.可知板塊移動(dòng)導(dǎo)致了7.5級(jí)地震，地震引發(fā)了海嘯。故選A。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格可知印尼海嘯引起430起死亡；加利福尼亞大火引起91起死亡；印尼地震和海嘯引起844起死亡；颶風(fēng)引起42起死亡；臺(tái)風(fēng)山竹引起69起死亡。因此印尼海嘯和地震引起的死亡人數(shù)最多。故選B。

【3】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)…from five prisons escaped after the natural disaster, and policemen are asking them return within the week.可知這些人是從監(jiān)獄跑出來(lái)的，警察要求他們一周之內(nèi)回去，因此可推斷他們應(yīng)該是罪犯。故選C。

【4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The worst of the three, the Camp fire, completely destroyed the town of Paradise.可知三種大火里面the Camp fire是最嚴(yán)重的，A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)The typhoon caused massive flooding and power loss throughout Guam and Marshall.可知山竹主要地區(qū)是Guam和Marshall，B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)A week after the hurricane, major highways remained flooded and closed.可知颶風(fēng)過(guò)后的一周，主要高速公路仍然保持淹沒(méi)并關(guān)閉，C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)National disasters around the world are happening at an alarming rate in 2018.可知2018年全球?yàn)?zāi)難以竟然的速度在發(fā)生。D選項(xiàng)正確。故選D。

【5】推理判斷題。本文介紹了2018年一些嚴(yán)重的自然災(zāi)害，因此不可能出現(xiàn)在旅游雜志、科幻小說(shuō)或者廣告中。故選C。

推理判斷題屬于主觀題，是層次較高的題目。它包含推理和判斷。推理是為了做出正確的判斷，正確的判斷又依附于合乎邏輯的推理。該題要求在理解表面文字的基礎(chǔ)上做出判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含意思和深層意思，也就是通過(guò)文章中的文字信息，上下邏輯關(guān)系及食物的發(fā)展等一直信息，推斷出作者沒(méi)有直接表達(dá)的態(tài)度和觀點(diǎn)。例如第5小題，題目問(wèn)這篇文章會(huì)出現(xiàn)在什么上面。此題根據(jù)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)，以及內(nèi)容可以推斷出，不可能出現(xiàn)在旅游雜志、科幻小說(shuō)或者廣告中。從而得出答案。