Question

【題目】 You might have learned in your science classes that the sun is quite large and heavy. What if you heard that we’ve found a black hole that contains the mass (質(zhì)量) of nearly 70 suns?

Chinese scientists used LAMOST, a powerful Chinese telescope (望遠(yuǎn)鏡), as well as telescopes in Hawaii and the Canary Islands, to make this discovery.

According to Einstein’s theory, black holes come from dying stars. The star collapses (坍塌) into a small point with a lot of mass and strong gravity (引力). The strong gravity of the black hole allows it to pull other things in and “eat” them. Scientists search for black holes by looking at x-rays that are released when they “eat” nearby stars. However, when black holes are inactive, this method doesn’t work.

This time, the researchers looked at stars that orbit invisible (看不見的) objects. These objects, they believe, cannot be anything but black holes. After calculating (計(jì)算) the speed of one particular star in a star system named LB-1, the scientists figured out that it was orbiting (繞軌道運(yùn)行) a stellar-mass black hole.

The black hole’s mass is about 70 times the mass of our sun. According to current theory, this black hole shouldn’t even be able to exist. It was previously believed that the mass of such a black hole cannot be bigger than that of 25 suns. Stellar (星球的) winds blow away the heavy elements that are left behind when a star dies. But somehow, this black hole kept most of its heavy elements.

Researchers said it is possible that the black hole formed out of two large stars that died and merged (結(jié)合) together.

The discovery is also inspiring some researchers to revisit their previous studies. “This discovery forces us to re-examine our models of how stellar-mass black holes form,” University of Florida physicist David Reitze was quoted as saying in a press release.

【1】How did Chinese scientists find the stellar-mass black hole?

A.By looking at stars moving away from the black hole.

B.By studying x-rays that came from the black hole.

C.By calculating the gravity of a nearby black hole.

D.By looking at the speed of a star that orbits it.

【2】What does the underlined word “inactive” mean in Chinese?

A.積極的B.不活躍的C.快速的D.活潑的

【3】What do we know about the black hole?

A.It is much heavier than the sun.B.It is moving faster than the sun.

C.It hasn’t “eaten” any stars.D.It will disappear soon.

【4】What is the last paragraph about?

A.The importance of this discovery.

B.Previous studies on black holes.

C.The formation (形成構(gòu)成) of stellar-mass black holes.

D.The preparations that were done before making this discovery.

【5】What do we know from the story?

A.Black holes are usually heavier than 25 suns.

B.We cannot believe current scientific theories.

C.Black holes can form after stars die.

D.Stellar-mass black holes contain no heavy elements.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】B

【3】A

【4】A

【5】C

【解析】

本文介紹了中國(guó)科學(xué)家通過計(jì)算圍繞黑洞的恒星的速度，發(fā)現(xiàn)了恒星質(zhì)量的黑洞。推測(cè)黑洞的質(zhì)量，黑洞形成的原因。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“After calculating (計(jì)算) the speed of one particular star in a star system named LB-1, the scientists figured out that it was orbiting (繞軌道運(yùn)行) a stellar-mass black hole.”可知，中國(guó)科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了恒星質(zhì)量的黑洞，是通過觀察環(huán)繞它的恒星的速度，故選D。

【2】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Scientists search for black holes by looking at x-rays that are released when they “eat” nearby stars.”可知，科學(xué)家通過觀察黑洞“吞噬”附近恒星時(shí)釋放的x射線來尋找黑洞。根據(jù)“this method doesn’t work.”可知，這種方法不起作用，應(yīng)是這些恒星不活躍，無法尋找到它的黑洞，故選B。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“The black hole’s mass is about 70 times the mass of our sun.”可知，黑洞比太陽重，故選A。

【4】主旨大意題。根據(jù)“The discovery is also inspiring some researchers to revisit their previous studies.”可知，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)也激勵(lì)了一些研究人員重新審視他們以前的研究。因此最后一段主要介紹這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要性。故選A。

【5】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“The black hole’s mass is about 70 times the mass of our sun.”可知，黑洞比太陽重70倍，不是25倍，因此A項(xiàng)不正確。根據(jù)“Chinese scientists used LAMOST, a powerful Chinese telescope (望遠(yuǎn)鏡), as well as telescopes in Hawaii and the Canary Islands, to make this discovery.”可知，現(xiàn)在的發(fā)現(xiàn)是通過望遠(yuǎn)鏡可以看到的，因此我們可以相信，因此B項(xiàng)不正確。根據(jù)“Researchers said it is possible that the black hole formed out of two large stars that died and merged (結(jié)合) together.”可知，黑洞是在恒星死亡之后形成的。因此C項(xiàng)與文中一致，是正確的。根據(jù)“But somehow, this black hole kept most of its heavy elements.” 可知，黑洞保留了它的大部分重元素。因此D項(xiàng)不正確。故選C。