Question

【題目】【2015浙江省杭州市中考英語試題】閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, close to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives. These days, shyness is becoming more and more common. Now, scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy.

Is it possible to be born shy? Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic.

Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brothers and sisters may be shy as well. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families.

You may also be shy because of where you were born. When scientists studied shyness in different countries. They found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one of three people said so. What explains the difference? One scientist says the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves. They blame（責(zé)備）themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends, or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy.

For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversation. And don’t forget---if you are shy, you are not the only one.

【1】 What is the passage mainly about?

A. Happiness. B. Shyness. C. Kindness. D. loneliness.

【2】 What does the underlined word “genetic”in paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. Passed down from parents. B. Learned from friends.

C. Taught by teachers. D. Made up by brothers.

【3】 What can be learned from the passage?

A. Most little babies are born shy and quiet.

B. If you are shy now, you will be shy forever.

C. Many shy children have older brothers and sisters.

D. Most Israeli people are shy of expressing opinions.

【4】We can learn from the passage that _______ may cause shyness.

A. genetics, grown--ups and birthplace

B. genetics, family size and birthplace

C. family size, grown--ups and failure

D. genetics, family size and freedom

【5】Scientists suggest that shy people can get over their shyness by______.

A. blaming their failure on outside reasons

B. trying new things and practicing conversation

C. getting themselves away from their shy parents

D. trying to understand reasonsspan> for their shyness

【6】Which of the following shows the structure（結(jié)構(gòu)）of the passage? (P=Paragraph)

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】C

【4】B

【5】B

【6】A

【解析】

試題分析：本文介紹了科學(xué)家對害羞這一性格的研究成果。你害羞嗎？如果是，那么你不是一個(gè)人，研究表明很多人有這種性格。那么這種性格是怎么形成的呢？科學(xué)家在對此研究的時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)，可能導(dǎo)致害羞的原因有基因、家庭成員的數(shù)量和出生地。害羞這種性格有很多缺點(diǎn)，不過它是可以改變的。可以通過接觸新事物練習(xí)交談等方法改進(jìn)。

【1】B中心理解題。文章第一句話就問道“你害羞嗎？如果是，那么你不是一個(gè)人”接著文章介紹了可能導(dǎo)致害羞的三個(gè)原因，最后說害羞雖然有很多害處，但是是可以改變的。所以本文講的主要是害羞。故選B。

【2】A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。前文說到Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result 有趣的是，這些害羞的嬰兒通常有害羞的父母，由此判斷“genetic”意為從父母傳下來的基因。故選A。

【3】C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段中提到They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters.害羞的孩子中百分之六十六有哥哥或者姐姐。文章中說有些孩子生下來會害羞和安靜，但不是大部分，排除A；害羞是可以改變的，排除B；以色列人表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)更自由更大膽，而不是更害羞，排除D；故選C。

【4】B大意概括題。文章的二三四段，分別介紹了可能導(dǎo)致害羞的三個(gè)原因。分別是：基因、家庭人數(shù)和出生地，故選B。

【5】B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段說到They suggest trying new things and practicing conversation.他們建議嘗試新事物，練習(xí)交談，這樣可以改變害羞的性格。故選B。

【6】A結(jié)構(gòu)判斷題。文章第一段引出本文講述的主題：害羞，接著二三四段分別介紹了可能導(dǎo)致害羞的三個(gè)原因，分別是：基因、家庭人數(shù)和出生地，最后一段總結(jié)了害羞的害處和改變這種性格的辦法。所以是總分總的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選A。