Every object has weight. But the center of its weight is not always in the middle of the object. If the top of an object is heavier than its bottom, it will fall over easily. We say that its center of gravity is high. But if the bottom is heavier, it won’t fall easily. Then we say that its center of gravity is low.
Look at the first picture. This empty box must fall over, because its center of gravity (C) is not above the line of its bottom (AB).
Now look at the second picture. There is some heavy iron in the bottom of this box. It will not fall, because its center of gravity is above its bottom.

小題1:If the bottom of an object is ______ its top, it will fall over easily.
A.lighter thanB.heavier thanC.no heavier than  D.a(chǎn)s heavy as
小題2:Please point out which box will not fall.

小題3:The main idea of the passage is _________.
A.why things fall over    B.a(chǎn) low center of gravity
C.a(chǎn) high center of gravity  D.that everything has weight

小題1:A
小題2:C
小題3:A

小題1:根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容If the top of an object is heavier than its bottom, it will fall over easily.可推測答案為A
小題2:根據(jù)常識內(nèi)容可知答案為C
小題3:根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容大意可知為A
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科目:初中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

Dolphins are not fish. They are mammals (哺乳動物).They live in groups and speak to each other in their own language. But they are quite different from almost all land animals. Their brain(大腦)is as big as men's and they live a long life at least 20 or 30 years.
Like some animals, dolphins use sounds to help them find their way around. They also use these sounds to talk to each other and to help them find food. They do not use their ears to receive sounds,but use the jaw--the lower part of the mouth.
It is strange that dolphins are friendly to men, and for thousands of years, there are many stories about dolphins and men. In the 19th century, in a dangerous part of the sea near New Zealand,there was a dolphin. The seamen liked him very much and gave him a very good name, Jack. From 1871 to 1903 ,Jack met every boat in the area and showed it the way. In 1903 a passenger on a boat with the name of The Penguin shot and hurt Jack. Luckily the dolphin didn't die, and after a long time he was well again. He guided the ships through the area for nine more years, but he refused to help the boat of the Penguin.
Today, some people still kill dolphins, but many countries in the world now protect them. In these places, people are not allowed to kill them.
小題1:The word "jaw" means_________in Chinese.
A.下顎B.嘴巴C.嘴唇D.鼻子
小題2:How do dolphins find their way?
A.They use their noses to smell the way.
B.They use their ears to hear the sounds.
C.They use their eyes to see the way.
D.They use sounds to find the way.
小題3:Who was Jack?
A.The writer.B.A dolphin.C.A seaman.D.The passenger.
小題4:The dolphin guided the ships for about________.
A.32 yearsB.9 yearsC.41 yearsD.23 years
小題5:According to the passage, which of the following is NOT right?
A.Dolphins are not fish.
B.Dolphins don't live in groups.
C.Dolphins are kind and friendly to people.
D.Dolphins can live a long life.

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科目:初中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

Today there are 6 billion people on the earth. By the year 2050 there may be 12.5 billion. There will be a lot of people to feed. We need more food.
One way to produce more food is by growing stronger plants. For thousands of years, farmers have made plants better. Every season, they pick the best plants for the next season. It works very slowly. Since 1983, scientists have been able to change plants more quickly by changing their genetic material(遺傳物質(zhì)). Foods from plants grown in this way are called genetically modified foods(轉(zhuǎn)基因食品), or GM foods.
By changing the genetic material of a plant, it is possible to make new plants. They make plants which are strong against plant diseases. They can also help in our diseases: a kind of rice is being prepared, for example, which stops people from becoming blind.
Rich countries produce GM foods because they are easy to grow and bring in more money. Poor countries are interested in them because they help produce more food.
GM plants are not natural. No one knows how good or bad they are. Making GM foods is only one way of feeding people in 2050. There are strong feelings against them, because they are unnatural. They may feed people, then hurt them or their children later. But, both rich and poor countries are very interested in their use, and they are not going to go away. In 2050 we may think differently about them.
小題1:GM foods ________.
A.a(chǎn)re a quick way to produce food
B.grow in the wild
C.a(chǎn)re safe
D.a(chǎn)re grown only in rich countries
小題2:Why do some people not like GM foods?
A.They are not useful.
B.They are not helpful.
C.They are not natural.
D.They are not cheap.
小題3:From the reading we know that ________.
A.GM foods will disappear one day in the future
B.GM foods will not disappear in the future
C.people will not be interested in GM foods
D.people will have to stop using GM foods

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科目:初中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

To most of us, school means classes, teachers, schedules, grades, and tests. But for the children at Sudbury Valley School in Massachusetts, school is very different.
Firstly, there are no lessons. All the children, aged between 4 and 19, do whatever they want. There are no teachers, only “staff members (職員)”. The idea behind this is that you do not need to make children learn, because children want to learn anyway. “You do not need to say to a three-year-old. ‘Go explore your environment.’ You can’t stop them!” says Daniel Greenberg, a founder of the school. “But if you make children do what you want all day, they will lose all taste for learning.”
At Sudbury Valley School, you will allow children to talk, read, paint, cook, work on computers, study French, play the piano, climb trees, or just run around. Two boys spent three years just fishing!
The other way that Sudbury Valley School is different is that the children can decide the rules. Every week, there is a school meeting where both children and staff have one vote each — even the four-year-olds. They decide the school rules, how to spend the school budget(預(yù)算), and even which staff they want and do not want any more.
When the school first opened in 1968, people said it would never work. But today, the school has 200 students, and 80% of its students go on to college. Even the two boys who went fishing all time have successful careers today. One of them is a musician and the other is a computer scientist.
小題1:What does the school believe?
A.Teachers cannot teach children well.
B.Children learn best when they do what they want to do.
C.Learning is for adults — children should only play.
D.Children should only learn about one thing at a time.
小題2:What does Daniel Greenberg say about three-year-olds?
A.They love learning.
B.They are very naughty.
C.They want to be outside all the time.
D.They are too young to learn anything.
小題3:What happens to the children after they leave this school?
A.They do the same things as children from other schools.
B.They have problems getting into college or getting a job.
C.They usually do very unusual jobs.
D.They are not successful in their business.
小題4:What is the main topic of the article?
A.Children’s hobbies B.Education in the US
C.A school without rulesD.An unusual school

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科目:初中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解



Look at the centre circles of Diagram (圖)A and Diagram B. Which of the centre circles looks larger? In fact, they are exactly the same size.
Then look at the picture on the right. What do you see? A vase? Or two faces?Does the picture change quickly from one to the other again and again? Maybe or maybe not, but you can never see them at the same time.

“What’s happening? Is something wrong with my eyes?” You may wonder at what you see. Don’t worry. Here is how it goes:
When we look at things, our eyes send messages to our brains and then our brains interpret(解讀)the information. However, sometimes our brains interpret the received information in a wrong way. It seems that our eyes are playing a joke on us. This often happens and we call it “visual illusion(視覺錯誤)”.
Movie makers often make use of visual illusions. They make the objects around actors much smaller or bigger than usual. This makes us believe that the actors are much larger or smaller than they usually are. The movies Jurassic Parkand Honey I shrunk the kids just make use of visual illusions.
小題1:Why does the centre circle in Diagram A look smaller than that in Diagram B?
A.something is wrong with our eyes
B.the two circles are not the same size
C.our brains interpret the information in a wrong way
D.the two pictures change quickly from one to the other
小題2: What do movie makers make use of visual illusions for ?
A.To help the actors look better
B.To make the actors much braver
C.To help the actors become stronger
D.To make the actors seem different in size
小題3:In the picture below, it seems that Line AB is shorter than Line CD, but in fact Line AB is as long as Line CD.

Which paragraph can explain what has happened to our eyes?
A. The second one.
B. The third one.
C. The fourth one.
D. The sixth one.
小題4: What’s the right order according to the passage?
a. We look at things with our eyes.
b. Our brains interpret the messages.
c. Our brains tell us what we have seen.
d. Our eyes send messages to our brains.
A.a(chǎn) d b cB.c a b dC.a(chǎn) c d bD.b c a d
小題5:Where may this passage be from?
A.A letter B.An English newspaper
C.A science bookD.An advertisement

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科目:初中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

If the rose can be said to be a special flower, then the apple can be said to be a special fruit. It is very important in American culture. American stories speak of Johnny Appleseed, who went throughout America collecting apple seeds and planting apple trees. He had a great love for nature and went through fields and farms adding richness and beauty to the country.
One of the first sayings taught to school children is, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” This short saying encourages children to eat fresh fruit to keep healthy. If someone always says good words to a person, people will call him an “apple polisher”. This, however, is not a good name. If someone is very dear to us, we say that he or she is the “apple of our eye”.
Most people believe that the fruit which Eve gave to Adam was an apple, even though the Bible(圣經(jīng)) never says so. The apple, therefore, is a deep part of the language and stories of America.
An apple is also delicious. Apples can be cooked in many ways, used as a dessert, and made into sweet juice.
In many parts of the country during the harvest season, a popular activity is to go into an apple garden to pick apples. Washington, D. C. and New York are both famous for their apples.
Finally, when it’s time to take a vacation to American cities, one can always visit New York, which is “the biggest apple” of all the American cities.
小題1:What does the underlined phrase “apple polisher” mean?
A.Something for cutting apples.
B.A person who likes to please others.
C.A person who is dealing with fruits.
D.A machine for cleaning apples quickly.
小題2:Which of the following is TRUE with apples?
A.Apples are medicine.
B.Apples are the most important food.
C.New York is famous for its big apples.
D.The Bible says Adam was given an apple.
小題3:The passage is mainly about                             .
A.stories about the apple
B.a(chǎn)pples in American culture
C.some famous sayings of the apple
D.big cities that is famous for apples

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科目:初中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容,在文章后小題的空格里填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。
注意:每個空格只填一個單詞。
It seems school children all over the world complain about their school food. Cherie Blair, wife of former British Prime Minister Tony Blair, said that she would prepare a packed lunch for her son if school dinners do not improve. So what do students of your age eat for lunch at school?
Japan
High schools have canteens, which serve everything from noodles to rice, but not burgers and chips. Other children bring food from home such as cold rice balls, meat or fish, pickles(泡菜) and vegetables.
Students take home a menu for the coming month containing notes on nutrition value. Twice a year parents are invited to have a taste of the food. The class with the fewest leftovers(剩飯) at the end of the month receives a prize.
United States
A typical menu from a US school is made up of a hamburger with fried potatoes or roast chicken, lettuce and pickles, fruit and cookies. School lunches must also provide at least one-third of the daily dietary allowances(定量) of protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, iron, calcium and calories.
Australia
Meat pies, sausage rolls and hot dogs are all traditional dishes in Australian school shops. But as the nation pays more attention to children’s health, healthier foods have started to find their way onto school menus.
Many schools have used a traffic light system. The sale of red-labelled foods, including pastries, chocolate and soft drinks, is served only twice a week. Healthier green-labelled foods such as sushi, sandwiches, corn and watermelon, however, are available every day.
In some schools, students have a choice of up to 89 foods to choose from, including popcorn and rice.
South Africa
Most of South Africa’s schools do not serve meals at all. Classes end at 1:30 pm and students get their own lunches. Many students bring food from home, usually sandwiches.
Fast food and fried food sell the best among students, which has led to a rise in obesity among children. But as more people began to realize the fact that being too fat may cause different diseases, some schools in towns have led the way towards better nutrition(營養(yǎng)). Now students at these schools are provided with lunches of porridge with vegetables, such as cabbages, onions, beans, carrots and tomatoes.
Schools serve different foods in different   1  .
Japan
In high schools, children can buy everything, such as noodles and rice. But they can’t buy burgers and   2  from canteens.
Some children   3  food from their homes.
The class will get a prize if they have the   4  leftovers in a   5  .
United States
Children can get   6  of daily nutrition from their lunch at school.
   7 
School shops   8  students with traditional dishes.
The sale of green-labelled foods is served every day,   9  Red-labelled foods are sold once a week.
South Africa
Students like eating fast food and fried food so that they are overweight.
Students in some schools in towns can eat vegetables to   10   fit.

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科目:初中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解


I love my iPhone---it’s my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me. I also love my computer, as it stores all of my writing and thoughts. Though I love these devices(裝置) of technology, I know that there are times when I need to move away from them and truly communicate with others.
I teach history in a high school. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes(主題) and ideas. Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and share their ideas with each other in the classroom. I have a rule---no computers, iPads, phones, etc. When students were told my rule before class, some of them were not happy at all.
Most students think that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. There’s a bit of truth to that. Some students believe that I am anti-technology. There’s no truth in that at all. I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students.
The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations. Interruptions(打斷) by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas. I want students to dig deep within themselves for ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and to make connections between the course material and the class discussion.
I’ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and students realize that with deep conversation, they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom.
I’m not saying that I won’t ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change. A few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up.
小題1:What’s the second paragraph mainly about?
A.The reasons why students should use computers or iPads in class.
B.The advantages of using cell phones and computers in the classroom.
C.What the writer is trying to do and what rule has been made in class.
D.A new learning style that the teacher enjoys using in history class.
小題2:According to the writer, the use of technology in the classroom may _____.
A.improve teaching and offer more help
B.a(chǎn)llow students to get on well with each other
C.help students concentrate on what they learn
D.keep students from making deep conversations
小題3:What can we infer from the passage?
A.The teacher will carry on the success in the future.
B.The teacher will have to cancel the rule in class.
C.Some students will be punished according to the rule.
D.More and more students will be absent in history class.

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科目:初中英語 來源:不詳 題型:完形填空


"Eyes are windows of the soul." Everyone knows the 1  of the eyes.   2  more and more students are becoming near-sighted(近視). So how to protect the eyes is still a serious problem. Here is some advice on 3  protect your eyesight(視力).
You should not keep your eyes 4  for a long time. When reading, you should keep the books about a foot away from you. After reading for an hour 5  two, you 'd better have a   6  by looking into the distance(遠(yuǎn)處).
You must remember not to read in dark light or in   7 , not to read on a moving bus or in bed. Doing eye exercises will help   8  to protect your eyesight.
In a   9 , to keep   10  eyesight, we must have good studying habits.
小題1:A. importance  B. experience  C. difference
小題2:A. So          B. Because     C. But
小題3:A. what to     B. how to      C. when to
小題4:A. working     B. walking     C. waking
小題5:A. and         B. or          C. as
小題6:A. talk        B. rest        C. by
小題7:A. the earth   B. the star    C. the sun
小題8:A. him         B. us          C. you
小題9:A. word        B. sentence    C. letter
小題10:A. bad         B. good        C. Weak

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