【題目】閱讀下面的短文,按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求,在空格處填入一個適當的詞或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。
“Green” is more than just a color. It means that you should live【1】 (protect) the environment---the water,the land and the air. You can be 【2】 green kid by following these steps.
Reduce it.
When you use less of something, you do a good thing for the Earth.【3】 example, a shorter shower means you use 【4】 (little ) water. Turn off the water when you are 【5】 (brush) your teeth.
Reuse it.
Many times, even if you don’t need something, someone else might just need【6】 .
For example, if your younger sister doesn’t play with her bear toy, you can give it to your neighbour. Try to change books, toys, even clothes【7】 friends.
Enioy it.
It’s true that 【8】 (pollute) is a great problem now, 【9】 the Earth is still a beautiful and interesting place to explore. Go for a hike, visit nature centres and gardens. climb mountains and take a boat in the rivers...Outdoor activities are good【10】you. You can also plant trees, collect reusable things. Being a green kid is so easy.
【答案】
【1】to protect
【2】a
【3】For
【4】less
【5】brushing
【6】it
【7】with
【8】pollution
【9】but
【10】for
【解析】
現在環(huán)境污染是一個很嚴重的問題,保護環(huán)境是我們每個人的責任,這篇短文中給我們提出了一些建議,遵循它們,我們也可以為保護環(huán)境盡我們的一份力量。
【1】句意:它意味著你應該為了保護環(huán)境——水、土地和空氣而活著。
protect保護,是一個動詞。根據句子結構,句中已經有謂語動詞live,此處應用非謂語動詞。結合句意可知,該空應作目的狀語,表示“為了……”,因此應用動詞不定式形式。故答案為to protect。
【2】句意:遵循以下步驟你也可以成為一個“環(huán)保的”孩子。
空后green kid是“環(huán)保的孩子”,kid是名詞單數,因此前面應有不定冠詞修飾,表示泛指“一個……”。green是輔音音素開頭的單詞,應用a修飾。故答案為a。
【3】句意:例如,較短的淋浴時間意味著你用更少的水。
根據句意可知,這里考查的是固定短語for example,意為“例如”,表示舉例子。該空位于句首,第一個字母應大寫,故答案為For。
【4】句意:例如,較短的淋浴時間意味著你用更少的水。
little少的,形容詞。根據句意“a shorter shower…”“更短時間的淋浴”,這個空也應用比較級形式,表示“更少的水”。little的比較級是less。故答案為less。
【5】句意:當你在刷牙的時候關上水。
brush刷,是一個動詞。句中when引導時間狀語從句,從句中表示正在進行的動作,應用現在進行時?涨耙呀浻辛are,該空應填動詞的現在分詞形式。故答案為brushing。
【6】句意:很多時候,即使你不需要什么東西,別人可能需要它。
根據句意可知,該空代指句中“you don’t need something”中的something“某物”,應用代詞it。故答案為it。
【7】句意:嘗試和朋友交換書、玩具,甚至衣服。
根據句意和空后的friends可知,這個建議是讓我和朋友互相交換書、玩具和衣服等,這里考查with,是一個介詞,意為“和……”,符合語境。故答案為with。
【8】句意:的確污染現在是一個大問題,但是地球仍然是一個可以去探索的美麗而有趣的地方。
pollute污染,是一個動詞。由句子結構可知,該句使用了句型It is true that…“……是真的”,that引導主語從句。該空是主語從句中的主語,應用名詞形式。故答案為pollution。
【9】句意:的確污染現在是一個大問題,但是地球仍然是一個可以去探索的美麗而有趣的地方。。
根據句意可知,空前“…a great problem”與空后“…a beautiful and interesting place to explore”是轉折關系,這個空考查but,意為“但是”。故答案為but。
【10】句意:戶外活動對你來說是有好處的。
根據句意可知,這里考查固定短語be good for…“對某人有好處”。故答案為for。
這是一篇說明文,介紹了一些我們可以為保護環(huán)境做的事情。短文主題明確,結構清晰,話題是學生們非常熟悉的,內容也貼近學生們的生活,因此容易理解。題型是語法填空,考查方式有兩種:一種是空后給出提示詞,要求用該詞的適當形式填空,以考查實詞的用法為主,如動詞、名詞、形容詞和副詞;另一種是沒有提示詞,根據語境填寫適當的單詞,以考查虛詞的用法為主,如冠詞、代詞、連詞、介詞等。學生們應熟練掌握與實詞相關的知識點,如動詞時態(tài)、非謂語動詞、名詞單復數、形容詞和副詞的比較級、最高級等,還需積累固定短語和搭配。如第1小題,考查了動詞不定式作目的狀語;再如第5小題考查了現在進行時。
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