Question

【題目】 When your doctor asks how often you exercise, do you give her an honest answer? How about when she asks what you’ve been eating lately? If you’ve ever stretched (夸大) the truth, you’re not alone.

Sixty to eighty percent of people surveyed have not told their doctors about some information that could be relevant (相關(guān)的) to their health, according to a new study. Besides fibbing (小謊) about diet and exercise, more than a third of respondents (受訪者) didn’t speak up when they disagreed with their doctor’s suggestions. More often than not, they fail to admit they didn’t understand their doctor’s instructions.

When respondents explained why they weren’t transparent (坦誠直言的), most said that they wanted to avoid being judged, and didn’t want to be lectured about how bad certain behaviors were. More than half were simply too embarrassed to tell the truth. Most people want their doctor to think highly of them, says the study’s senior author Angela Fagerlin, Ph. D.. “They re worried about being thought as someone who doesn’t make good decisions,” she adds.

Scientists at University of Utah led the research study together with colleagues at University of Michigan and University of Iowa. The results will be published online in JAMA Network Open on November 30, 2018.

Insights (深入了解; 洞察) into the doctor- patient relationship came from a national online survey of two populations. One survey got responses from 2,011 participants (參加者) who averaged 36 years old. The second included 2,499 participants who were 61 on average.

“I’m surprised that such a large number of people chose to withhold (隱瞞) relatively benign (相對(duì)無害) information, and that they would admit to it, says the study’s first author Andrea Gurmankin Levy, Ph. D.. The trouble with a patient’s dishonesty is that doctors can’t offer accurate medical advice when they don’t have all the facts. “If patients are withholding information about what they’re eating, or whether they are taking their medication, it can have influences for their health, especially if they have a chronic (慢性的) illness,” says Levy.

【1】What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Patients always lie to their doctors.

B. 60 to 80 percent of the patients can’t understand their doctor’s instructions.

C. Most respondents disliked being judge.

D. Fibbing can’t have bad influences for patients’ health.

【2】What does the underlined word it in the last paragraph refer to?

A. Relatively benign information.

B. Withholding relatively benign information.

C. A large number of people chose to withhold relatively benign information.

D. The trouble with a patient’s dishonesty.

【3】Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. There were 3 universities doing the research study together.

B. Over a third of respondents didn’t show their disagreement with their doctor’s suggestions.

C. Some patients often choose to tell fibs when facing doctors.

D. Levy believed most people want their doctor to think highly of them.

【4】What is the meaning of the word “accurate” in the last paragraph?

A. professionalB. effectiveC. availableD. exact

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】D

【4】D

【解析】

本文主要講述的是當(dāng)醫(yī)生詢問病人的一些信息時(shí)，大部分的病人選擇隱瞞或者是撒個(gè)小謊。他們有的是為了避免被批評(píng)。有的不想被教導(dǎo)他們的行為是多么的惡劣。有一半以上的只是非常尷尬于說出事實(shí)真相。根據(jù)調(diào)查，這種現(xiàn)象非常普遍。結(jié)果會(huì)導(dǎo)致醫(yī)生無法給出準(zhǔn)確的醫(yī)學(xué)建議。而且如果病人患有慢性病的話，會(huì)非常影響他們的健康。

【1】推理判斷題。題意：由這篇文章我們可以推出什么？A. Patients always lie to their doctors病人總是向他們的醫(yī)生撒謊；B. 60 to 80 percent of the patients can’t understand their doctor’s instructions 60%到80%的病人無法理解醫(yī)生的醫(yī)囑；C. Most respondents disliked being judged大部分的調(diào)查對(duì)象不喜歡被批評(píng)；D. Fibbing can’t have bad influences for patients’ health撒謊不可能對(duì)病人的健康有著惡劣的影響。由原文most said that they wanted to avoid being judged可知，大部分人想避免被醫(yī)生批評(píng)，與C項(xiàng)意思一致。故選C。

【2】詞義推測題。題意：最后一自然段劃線單詞it指什么？A. Relatively benign information相對(duì)無害的信息；B. Withholding relatively benign information隱瞞相對(duì)無害的信息；C. A large number of people chose to withhold relatively benign information許多人選擇隱瞞相對(duì)無害的信息；D. The trouble with a patient’s dishonesty病人的不誠實(shí)帶來的麻煩。由原句I’m surprised that such a large number of people chose to withhold (隱瞞) relatively benign (相對(duì)無害) information, and that they would admit to it我很驚奇的是有如此多的人選擇隱瞞相對(duì)無害的信息而且他們也會(huì)承認(rèn)這一點(diǎn)可知，it應(yīng)該是他們選擇隱瞞相對(duì)無害的信息。故選B。

【3】推理判斷題。題意：下面陳述哪一個(gè)是不對(duì)的？A. There were 3 universities doing the research study together有三所大學(xué)一起做了這次研究調(diào)查；B. Over a third of respondents didn’t show their disagreement with their doctor’s suggestions有三分一之一以上的調(diào)查者并沒有顯示他們對(duì)于醫(yī)生建議的不贊同；C. Some patients often choose to tell fibs when facing doctors一些病人面對(duì)醫(yī)生時(shí)，經(jīng)常會(huì)選擇撒個(gè)小謊；D. Levy believed most people want their doctor to think highly of them。 Levy相信，大部分人是想要他們的醫(yī)生對(duì)他們的高度認(rèn)可。Levy的想法由最后一自然中體現(xiàn)，主要講的是當(dāng)病人向醫(yī)生隱瞞相關(guān)信息時(shí)，會(huì)導(dǎo)致醫(yī)生無法給出準(zhǔn)確的醫(yī)學(xué)建議，會(huì)對(duì)病人的健康造成一定的影響。無D項(xiàng)所講內(nèi)容。故選D。

【4】詞義推測題。題意：最后一自然段accurate什么意思？A. professional專業(yè)的；B. effective有效的；C. available可得到的；D. exact準(zhǔn)確的。聯(lián)系句意The trouble with a patient’s dishonesty is that doctors can’t offer accurate medical advice when they don’t have all the facts病人的不誠實(shí)帶來的麻煩是：當(dāng)醫(yī)生無法獲知所有的事實(shí)時(shí)，他們無法給出準(zhǔn)確的醫(yī)學(xué)建議可知，D項(xiàng)代入意思吻合。故選D。

閱讀理解的最主要障礙是詞匯。能否巧妙處理閱讀理解中遇到的生詞是快捷突破英語閱讀理解瓶頸的關(guān)鍵。其最主要的解決方法是根據(jù)與上下文之間的關(guān)系猜測詞義。例如第四題What is the meaning of the word “accurate” in the last paragraph?而根據(jù)后文提示when they don’t have all the facts可知當(dāng)醫(yī)生無法獲知所有的事實(shí)時(shí)，他們當(dāng)然是無法給出準(zhǔn)確的醫(yī)學(xué)建議。結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，D項(xiàng)代入意思吻合。