Question

【題目】 Oink! The Year of the Pig is coming. How much do you know about pigs? Do you like them? Many people don’t because they believe that pigs are naturally fat, lazy and dirty. But are any of those things true?

It is true that pigs are fat. They eat a lot. But they are useful to us. We get more than just pork from pigs. We can use their skin to make shoes. We can use their hair to make brushes. Pigs also provide us with ingredients for drugs like insulin (胰島素). Insulin can treat diabetes (糖尿病)

People sometimes say, “You are as stupid as a pig.” But pigs are not stupid. In fact, pigs are one of the 10 smartest animals. They have a good memory and can tell different shapes apart. Many experts think pigs are easier to train than dogs or cats. In France, people teach pigs to find truffles (松露). With their good sense of smell they can find truffles even faster than dogs.

When you see pigs, they are usually in dirty water or mud. That’s because pigs have no sweat glands (汗腺). On hot days, they have to cool themselves in water or mud. This keeps insects of them as well. Mud can also protect their skin from sunburns.

These stereotypes about pigs often make us hold a negative view about the animal. For example, if someone eats a lot, we say that they have “pigged out”. If someone’s room is very mess, we might say his or her room looks like a pigsty (豬圈).

But people in ancient China really liked pigs. People thought the pig’s big head and ears were a symbol of good luck. If someone had a round and chubby (胖乎乎的) face, he or she was thought to be blessed (有福氣的). People also believed the animal stood for wealth, as humans use every part of the pig. Piggy banks are a symbol of this. Most children have a piggy bank that they can use to save money.

【1】People can use pigs’ skin to ______.

A.make clothes.B.make insulin.C.make shoesD.make brushes

【2】According to the passage, pigs can ______.

A.tell one hundred different colors apart.

B.find truffles with their good eyesight.

C.be of great help to people like dogs.

D.get away from insects with their masters’ help.

【3】Which of the following best explained the underlined word “stereotypes?

A.fixed ideasB.feelingsC.mistakesD.descriptions

【4】Why did the people in ancient China like pigs?

A.People thought the pig’s big head and ears were a symbol of good luck

B.People believed the animal stood for health.

C.People knew pigs were one of the 10 smartest animals.

D.People thought pies were blessed by god.

【5】The writer wrote this passage mainly to ______.

A.tell readers that pigs are not stupid, dirty or fat at all

B.criticize people who don’t really know about pigs.

C.point out that pigs can do a lot of things for people.

D.help people know more about the pigs.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】C

【3】A

【4】A

【5】D

【解析】

這篇短文講述的是人們對(duì)豬總是有成見(jiàn)，覺(jué)得它們又胖、又懶、又臟，其實(shí)這些想法都是錯(cuò)誤的。豬對(duì)于我們來(lái)說(shuō)非常有用，它們也非常聰明、嗅覺(jué)敏銳。古代的人們認(rèn)為豬是福氣和財(cái)運(yùn)的象征。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段 “We can use their skin to make shoes.”可知，我們可以用豬皮做鞋。故選C。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第三段 “In France, people teach pigs to find truffles (松露). With heir god sense of smell they can find truffles even faster than dogs”可知，豬可以用它們敏銳的嗅覺(jué)，像狗一樣幫助人們尋找松露，它對(duì)人們來(lái)說(shuō)是有幫助的，故選C，同時(shí)也可以排除B。根據(jù)這一段 “They have a good memory and can tell different shapes apart.”可知A不對(duì)；根據(jù)第四段 “On hot days, they have to cool themselves in water or mud. This keeps insects of them as well.”可知D不對(duì)。故選C。

【3】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)短文第一段 “Many people don’t because they believe that pigs are naturally fat, lazy and dirty. But are any of those things true?”可知，很多人不喜歡豬是因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為豬又胖、又懶、又臟。而根據(jù)第二段到第四段的介紹可知，人們的這些看法是錯(cuò)誤的。這個(gè)單詞指的就是人們對(duì)豬固有的想法，即fixed ideas，故選A。

【4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文最后一段 “But people in ancient China really liked pigs. People thought the pig’s big head and ears were a symbol of good luck.”可知，古代的中國(guó)人非常喜歡豬，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為豬的大頭和大耳朵是好運(yùn)的象征。故選A。

【5】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文意可知，短文先介紹了人們對(duì)豬的一些錯(cuò)誤看法，然后告訴了我們關(guān)于豬的一些事實(shí)，讓人們更多地了解了豬這種動(dòng)物，故D選項(xiàng)“幫助人們更多地了解豬”最符合文意，故選D。

這篇短文中作者介紹了關(guān)于豬這種動(dòng)物的一些事實(shí)，讓人們更加了解了這種動(dòng)物。短文敘述清晰，內(nèi)容貼近學(xué)生們的日常生活，比較容易理解。題型是閱讀理解，題目設(shè)置以細(xì)節(jié)理解題為主，答案都可以在原文找到。做題時(shí)，應(yīng)先通讀短文，了解文章大意；然后根據(jù)題目所問(wèn)，或從題干中尋找關(guān)鍵詞，在原文進(jìn)行定位，鎖定相關(guān)段落或語(yǔ)句，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)作答。如第1小題題干中的skin就是解題的關(guān)鍵，根據(jù)它可以很快找到答案。有的題目可以使用排除法，將錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)一一排除，獲得正確答案。如第5小題，這是一個(gè)寫作意圖題，跟文章的主旨有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)具有迷惑性，容易錯(cuò)選。A選項(xiàng)“告訴讀者豬不是愚蠢的、臟的或胖的”，其實(shí)從文章第二段和第四段可以知道，豬就是很胖、很臟的，所以這個(gè)選項(xiàng)不對(duì)；B選項(xiàng)“批評(píng)不了解豬的人們”，文章只是告訴我們一些事實(shí)，并沒(méi)有要批評(píng)人們，故B不對(duì)；C選項(xiàng)“指出豬可以幫助人們做很多事情”，這句話說(shuō)的是對(duì)的，但它只是文章一部分的內(nèi)容，并不全面，所以這個(gè)選項(xiàng)也不對(duì)。