【題目】when, whileas填空。

1________ you meet a word you don't know, look it up in the dictionary.

2The students took notes ________ they listened.

3The teacher came in ________ we were singing in class.

4We must strike ________ the iron is hot.

5I will go to college ________ I grow up.

【答案】

1When

2as

3while

4while

5when

【解析】

1句意:當(dāng)你遇到一個(gè)你不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞時(shí),在字典里查一下。when當(dāng)時(shí)候,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,從句中的動(dòng)詞可以是持續(xù)性的,也可以是瞬間性的。這個(gè)從句中謂語動(dòng)詞meet是瞬間性動(dòng)詞。

2句意:學(xué)生們一邊聽一邊記筆記。as當(dāng)時(shí)候,一邊一邊,表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。

3句意:當(dāng)我們正在課堂上唱歌的時(shí)候,老師進(jìn)來了。while當(dāng)時(shí)候,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是持續(xù)性的,從句中常用過去進(jìn)行時(shí),主句用一般過去時(shí)。

4句意:我們必須趁熱打鐵。while當(dāng)時(shí)候,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是持續(xù)性的。

5句意:當(dāng)我長大的時(shí)候,我將會(huì)上大學(xué)。when當(dāng)時(shí)候,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,從句中的動(dòng)詞可以是持續(xù)性的,也可以是瞬間性的。

這個(gè)題目考查了引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的連詞when, whileas的區(qū)別,三者都有“當(dāng)時(shí)候”的意思,區(qū)別如下:1. 若主句表示的是一個(gè)短暫性動(dòng)作,從句表示的是一個(gè)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作,三者都可用;2. 若主、從句表示兩個(gè)同時(shí)進(jìn)行的持續(xù)性動(dòng)作,且強(qiáng)調(diào)主句表示的動(dòng)作延續(xù)到從句所指的整個(gè)時(shí)間,通常要用 while;3. 若主從句表示的兩個(gè)同時(shí)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作含有“一邊…一邊”之意思,通常用 as,例如第2小題;4. 若從句是一個(gè)短暫性動(dòng)作,主句是一個(gè)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作,可用 as / when 但不用 while;5.若要表示兩個(gè)正在發(fā)展變化的情況,相當(dāng)于漢語的“隨著”,一般用 as;6. 若主從句所表示的動(dòng)作不是同時(shí)發(fā)生,而是有先后順序時(shí),一般要用 when,例如第5小題。

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