【題目】 Cold weather during winter months may keep many people from_____ home and running in the open air. _____, a new study shows _____the drop in temperature is a good reason to run. In fact, researchers say, running in cold weather _____improve one’s performance(身體機(jī)能). Many people say running in _______ winter is difficult. Two reasons are the low temperatures and strong winds. Yet many runners might find _____easier than running in hot weather. That could be because lower temperatures reduce stress on the body. When you run in cold weather, your heart rate is _____than in warmer conditions. Besides, the body needs less water _______a cold day than in warm weather. This information comes from John Brewer, a _______ scientist at St. Mary’s University in London. Brewer says every movement runners make produces heat. He explains that one way in which we lose heat _____by sweating, and that the body also loses heat by transporting the blood to the surface of the skin. But sweating puts much strain(張力)on the heart, particularly in hot conditions because it is______ harder to lose heat when the external environment is warm ______. In addition, running in higher temperatures results in faster heart rates. Scientists find that heart rates are about 6 percent higher in the hotter conditions. However, running in cooler temperatures has ______advantages. One is that the body does not have to work so hard to pump blood to the skin surface in cooler temperatures, which means running requires less energy. Several websites note that the most important thing for people ________run in cold conditions is to wear the right clothing. And especially, keeping as dry as possible is very important ____________ exercising in low temperatures.

1A.leaveB.leavingC.leftD.to leave

2A.ButB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.Yet

3A.whatB.thatC.whetherD.if

4A.helpB.to helpC.helpsD.helping

5A.aB.anC.theD./

6A.thatB.thisC.itsD.it

7A.lowerB.lowC.lowestD.more low

8A.atB.ofC.inD.on

9A.sportB.sportsC.sport’sD.sports’

10A.areB.isC.wereD.was

11A.manyB.moreC.muchD.most

12A.as wellB.alsoC.norD.either

13A.anyB.someC.muchD.few

14A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.who

15A.whenB.afterC.beforeD.until

【答案】

1B

2C

3B

4C

5D

6D

7A

8D

9B

10B

11C

12A

13B

14D

15A

【解析】

這篇短文主要講述了在寒冷的天氣里跑步可以提高人的身體素質(zhì)。

1句意:冬季寒冷的天氣可能使許多人無(wú)法離開(kāi)家,在戶(hù)外跑步。

考查現(xiàn)在分詞。A. leave離開(kāi);原形;B. leaving離開(kāi);現(xiàn)在分詞;C. left離開(kāi),過(guò)去式;D. to leave離開(kāi),動(dòng)詞不定式。短語(yǔ)keep sb. from doing 表示使某人遠(yuǎn)離做某事,from介詞,后加動(dòng)名詞。根據(jù)句意,故選B

2句意:然而,一項(xiàng)新的研究表明,氣溫下降是跑步的一個(gè)好理由。

考查副詞。A. But但是;B. Therefore因此;C. However然而;D. Yet仍然,還。根據(jù)下文a new study shows ___3___the drop in temperature is a good reason to run可知這里是表示轉(zhuǎn)折。故選C

3句意:然而,一項(xiàng)新的研究表明,氣溫下降是跑步的一個(gè)好理由。

考查連接詞。A. what什么;B. that那個(gè);C. whether是否;D. if是否,如果。這里是賓語(yǔ)從句,這里用that引導(dǎo)。根據(jù)句意,故選B

4句意:研究人員說(shuō),事實(shí)上,在寒冷的天氣里跑步有助于提高人的表現(xiàn)。

考查動(dòng)詞。A. help幫助;原形;B. to help幫助,動(dòng)詞不定式;C. helps幫助,第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù);D. helping幫助,現(xiàn)在分詞。running在這里是動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。根據(jù)句意,故選C。

5句意:很多人說(shuō)冬天跑步很難。

考查冠詞。A. a不定冠詞,首字母是元音音素;B. an一個(gè),首字母是輔音音素; C. the定冠詞;D. /。in+季節(jié),中間不加任何冠詞。in winter表示在冬天。根據(jù)題意,故選D

6句意:然而,許多跑步者可能發(fā)現(xiàn)在炎熱的天氣里跑步更容易。

考查代詞。A. that那個(gè);B. this這個(gè);C. its它的;D. it它。find+it+形容詞+to do的形式;it在這里是形式賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意,故選D。

7句意:當(dāng)你在寒冷的天氣跑步時(shí),你的心率比在溫暖的環(huán)境下要低。

考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。A. lower更低;B. low低的;C. lowest最低的;D. more low語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)in warmer conditions.可知這里是說(shuō)更低,low的比較級(jí)lower。根據(jù)句意,故選A。

8句意:此外,寒冷的天氣比溫暖的天氣需要更少的水。

考查介詞。A. at在……;B. of……的;C. in在……;里面;D. on在……上。在具體的一天,在day的前面有修飾詞用介詞on。根據(jù)題意,故選D。

9句意:這些信息來(lái)自倫敦圣瑪麗大學(xué)的運(yùn)動(dòng)科學(xué)家約翰·布魯爾。

考查名詞。A. sport運(yùn)動(dòng);單數(shù);B. sports運(yùn)動(dòng),復(fù)數(shù);C. sport’s運(yùn)動(dòng)的;D. sports’運(yùn)動(dòng)的,復(fù)數(shù);根據(jù)下文Brewer says every movement runners make produces heat.可知這里是說(shuō)運(yùn)動(dòng)科學(xué)家。sport名詞作定語(yǔ),要用復(fù)數(shù)形式作定語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意,故選B

10句意:他解釋說(shuō),我們散熱的一種方式是出汗,身體也通過(guò)將血液輸送到皮膚表面來(lái)散熱。考查be動(dòng)詞。A. are是,復(fù)數(shù);B. is是,單數(shù);C. were是,復(fù)數(shù),過(guò)去式;D. was是,單數(shù),過(guò)去式。主語(yǔ)是one way可知,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),這里是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),這里用is。根據(jù)題意,故選B。

11句意:因?yàn)楫?dāng)外部環(huán)境也很溫暖的時(shí)候,也很難散熱。

考查不定代詞。A. many許多,修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù);B. more更多;C. much許多,修飾不可數(shù)名詞;D. most最多。這里是修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)用much來(lái)修飾。根據(jù)句意,故選C。

12句意:因?yàn)楫?dāng)外部環(huán)境也很溫暖的時(shí)候,也很難散熱。

考查副詞。A. as well也;用在句尾。B. also也,在句中;C. nor也不是;D. either用在否定句中也不;這里表示也用在句尾。根據(jù)題意,故選A

13句意:但是,在較低的溫度下運(yùn)行有一些優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

考查不定代詞。A. any任何;B. some一些;C. much許多,修飾不可數(shù)名詞;D. few很少,修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。some修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)題意,故選B。

14句意:一些網(wǎng)站指出,對(duì)于在寒冷條件下跑步的人來(lái)說(shuō),最重要的是穿上合適的衣服。

考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞。A. which關(guān)系詞,先行詞指物;B. whom關(guān)系詞,先行詞指人;C. whose關(guān)系詞,在句中作定語(yǔ);D. who關(guān)系詞,先行詞指人。先行詞是人,關(guān)系用who,在句中做主語(yǔ)。根據(jù)題意,故選D。

15句意:尤其是,當(dāng)在低溫下運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí),保持盡可能干燥是非常重要的。

考查連接詞。A. when當(dāng)……的時(shí)候;B. after在……之后;C. before在……之前;D. until直到。根據(jù)exercising in low temperatures.可知這里when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意,故選A。

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