Question

【題目】 Nowadays, many people in China and Japan are racing against time. They put a lot of value in “being on time”. However, in some countries of the world, people have different opinions on “being on time”.

Germany

Thanks to its industrial past, in Germany you are expected to arrive at least ten minutes earlier for any planned meeting.

In Germany, being on time is risky enough because your hosts will probably already be there waiting, wondering how on earth you could be so stupid. What will you do if anything unexpected happens, like heavy traffic or a sudden rain? So remember to arrive early in Germany.

Saudi Arabia

Some countries care little about time and Saudi Arabia is one of them. It’s because of their long history of desert living where time is not the first thing to think about. It could be that it’s too hot to do anything on time. So don’t expect them to be on time. Moreover, looking at your watch during an event is even considered as bad manners. So don’t get angry with them, either.

Ghana

Most meeting times can be changed, even if an exact time is given, Ghanaians are very relaxed and easygoing. They think that if everyone is late, then no one is late. After all, what can’t be done today can get done tomorrow. If you find it difficult to deal with, prepare to be unhappy. Otherwise, sit back enjoy the ride.

Russia

Patience is considered a very important quality in Russian culture but being on time is not. When doing business in Russia, do be on time. Otherwise, it will be considered disrespectful. But Russians won’t hold themselves to the same standard. So, again, patience can be key.

How differently people 【1】 “being on time” in different countries
【2】	Different opinions on “being on time”
China and Japan	●Both Chinese and Japanese think it【3】to be on time.
Germany	●【4】expect you to arrive early for any planned meeting because of the influence of their industrial past. ●You are thought to be stupid 【5】you arrive at least ten minutes earlier.
Saudi Arabia	●Time is not the【6】thing for people living in the desert to consider. ●Looking at your watch during an event is considered to be【7】
Ghana	●Ghanaians think that if everyone is late, then【8】 is late. ●Most meeting times can be changed. You might be unhappy if you can’t accept it.
Russia	●Be patient in Russia because it’s very important quality in its 【9】. ●While doing business in Russia, you should be on time, though Russians are not strict with【10】 in it.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】think / consider

【2】Countries

【3】valuable

【4】Germans

【5】unless

【6】first

【7】rude / impolite

【8】nobody

【9】culture

【10】themselves

【解析】

在中國和日本這樣的國家，很多人都在與時(shí)間賽跑，他們把準(zhǔn)時(shí)看得很重。然而，在世界上的一些國家，人們對(duì)守時(shí)有不同的看法。這篇短文給我們介紹了德國、沙特阿拉伯、加納和俄羅斯等四個(gè)國家的時(shí)間觀念。

【1】根據(jù)文中第一段第三句However, in some countries of the world, people have different opinions on “being on time”.可知，這篇短文講述的是不同國家的人們對(duì)“守時(shí)”的不同看法。經(jīng)過同義轉(zhuǎn)換，這里應(yīng)填consider或者think，都有“認(rèn)為”的意思。

【2】根據(jù)表格結(jié)構(gòu)可知，表格中的第一列都是各個(gè)國家的名字，文章中提到了很多國家，故這里應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式Countries，注意首字母大寫。

【3】根據(jù)文中第一段第二句They put a lot of value in “being on time”.可知，中國人和日本人都非�？粗亍笆貢r(shí)”。經(jīng)過同義轉(zhuǎn)換可知，這里應(yīng)填的是value的形容詞形式valuable，“有價(jià)值的”。

【4】根據(jù)文中第二段的標(biāo)題Germany以及文意可知，這一段介紹的是德國人的時(shí)間觀念，故這里應(yīng)填“德國人”German，復(fù)數(shù)形式是Germans。

【5】根據(jù)文中第三段第一句In Germany, being on time is risky enough because your hosts will probably already be there waiting, wondering how on earth you could be so stupid.可知，在德國準(zhǔn)時(shí)是很危險(xiǎn)的，因?yàn)槟愕闹魅丝赡茉谀抢锏戎�，想知道你怎么這么愚蠢。結(jié)合題干可知，這里應(yīng)填unless，意為“除非，如果不”。

【6】根據(jù)文中第四段Some countries care little about time and Saudi Arabia is one of them. It’s because of their long history of desert living where time is not the first thing to think about.可知，對(duì)于句中在沙漠里的人來說，時(shí)間并不是他們第一個(gè)要考慮的事情，由此可知這里應(yīng)填first。

【7】根據(jù)文中第四段倒數(shù)第二句Moreover, looking at your watch during an event is even considered as bad manners.可知，在活動(dòng)中看手表這樣是不禮貌的，故這里應(yīng)填impolite或者rude。

【8】根據(jù)文中第五段They think that if everyone is late, then no one is late.可知，加納的人們認(rèn)為如果每個(gè)人都遲到了，那么就沒有人遲到。no one和nobody是同義詞，故這里填nobody。

【9】根據(jù)最后一段第一句Patience is considered a very important quality in Russian culture but being on time is not可知，這一段介紹的是俄羅斯文化中關(guān)于時(shí)間的觀點(diǎn)，故這里填culture。

【10】根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句But Russians won’t hold themselves to the same standard.可知，這里應(yīng)填themselves，“他們自己”。

這是一篇說明文，給我們介紹了不同國家的人們對(duì)時(shí)間的觀念。文章主題明確，層次清晰。短文第一段引入了文章所談?wù)摰脑掝}，點(diǎn)明了文章的主旨；下面分成四段分別介紹了德國、沙特阿拉伯、加納以及俄羅斯的人們對(duì)時(shí)間的觀念。整篇文章是總分結(jié)構(gòu)，每一段的主題也和明確。題型是任務(wù)型閱讀，要求根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，完成后面的表格。觀察表格可知，這是對(duì)整篇文章結(jié)構(gòu)和主要內(nèi)容的一個(gè)概括，做題時(shí)，可以國家的名字為關(guān)鍵詞，先定位到具體的段落，然后再找到具體的詞、句信息作答。需要注意的是，填空時(shí)應(yīng)注意符合所在句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和句型，在原文找到的信息應(yīng)注意進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。例如第3小題，根據(jù)文中第一段第二句They put a lot of value in “being on time”.可知，中國人和日本人都非�？粗亍笆貢r(shí)”。經(jīng)過同義轉(zhuǎn)換可知，這里應(yīng)填的是value的形容詞形式valuable，“有價(jià)值的”。再如第8小題，根據(jù)文中第五段They think that if everyone is late, then no one is late.可知，加納的人們認(rèn)為如果每個(gè)人都遲到了，那么就沒有人遲到。no one和nobody是同義詞，故這里填nobody。