【題目】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及所給提示， 在文中的空白處填寫一個正確的單詞。

Charles Darwin was a great 【1】 (science). And he changed our understanding of the natural world.

Darwin was born in 1809 in England. At school he was a good athlete and enjoyed【2】 (study) nature. He kept doing chemistry【3】 ．

Charles started studying medicine at Edinburgh University, but soon gave 【4】 his studies there. He went on to study religion at Cambridge University instead.

In 1831, Darwin went on a 【5】 (five year) journey to South America, Australia and South Africa 【6】ship. He collected many animal and plant specimens. After a lot of 【7】 (science) observation(觀察)，he found out animals are closely【8】 to the nature.These 【9】 (discovery) helped him come up with the theory of evolution.He 【10】 (spend) the rest of his life studying what he had seen and he wrote many books.

【答案】

【1】scientist

【2】studying

【3】experiments

【4】up

【5】five year

【6】by

【7】scientific

【8】related

【9】discoveries

【10】spent

【解析】

文章大意：這篇文章主要講了現(xiàn)代生物之父達(dá)爾文的情況，文中詳細(xì)介紹了他的生平經(jīng)歷以及他的貢獻(xiàn)。

【1】句意：查爾斯.達(dá)爾文是一位偉大的科學(xué)家。根據(jù)Charles Darwin was a great __1__ (science).可知句意為“查爾斯.達(dá)爾文是一位偉大的科學(xué)家�！薄翱茖W(xué)家”scientist，前面有不定冠詞a，所以用其單數(shù)形式，故答案填scientist。

【2】句意：在學(xué)校他是一名優(yōu)秀的運(yùn)動員，喜歡研究大自然。enjoy doing sth.固定搭配，“喜歡做某事”，故答案填studying。

【3】句意：他一直在做化學(xué)實驗。根據(jù)He kept doing chemistry__3__．可知句意為“他一直在做化學(xué)實驗。”“實驗”experiment，此處指他做的多次化學(xué)實驗，所以用其復(fù)數(shù)形式，故答案填experiments。

【4】句意：但很快他放棄了在那里的學(xué)業(yè)。根據(jù)下文He went on to study religion at Cambridge University instead.“他轉(zhuǎn)去劍橋大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)宗教�！笨芍颂帒�(yīng)是“他放棄了在那里的學(xué)業(yè)。”“放棄”give up，文章時態(tài)用一般過去時，所以這里用give的過去式；故答案填up。

【5】句意：1831年，達(dá)爾文開始了為期五年的南方之旅。根據(jù)Darwin went on a __5__ (five year) journey to South America,可知空格處修飾后面的名詞journey，five year是名詞短語，名詞修飾名詞要用單數(shù)形式，故答案填five year。

【6】句意：達(dá)爾文乘船前往南美、澳大利亞和南非進(jìn)行為期五年的南方之旅�！俺舜惫潭ǘ陶Z，by ship，故答案填by。

【7】句意：經(jīng)過大量的科學(xué)觀察。根據(jù)下文he found out animals are closely__8__ to the nature.可知此處應(yīng)是“經(jīng)過大量的科學(xué)觀察�！薄翱茖W(xué)的”形容詞修飾后面的名詞observation，故答案填scientific。

【8】句意：他發(fā)現(xiàn)動物與自然關(guān)系密切。根據(jù)he found out animals are closely___8___ to the nature.聯(lián)系上文語境可知句意為“他發(fā)現(xiàn)動物與自然關(guān)系密切。”related to固定短語，“與…有關(guān)”，故答案填related。

【9】句意：這些發(fā)現(xiàn)幫助他提出了進(jìn)化論。discovery“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，可數(shù)名詞；由前面的These可知此處應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式discoveries，故答案填discoveries。

【10】句意：他花了一生中剩下的時間來研究他所看到的事物，寫了很多書。本文時態(tài)為一般過去時，所以此處應(yīng)用spend的過去式spent，故答案填spent。

本題為短文填空，首先要快速瀏覽全文，了解文章大意。一篇短文填空有許多空格，所以必須要先通讀一到二遍，才能大致了解文章的內(nèi)容。千萬不要看一句，做一句，其次要逐句分析，前后一致，填空時，要考慮整個句子的內(nèi)容，包括搭配、時態(tài)、語法等。要多聯(lián)系上下文，注意固定搭配等。答案全部填完以后，再通讀一遍文章，檢查是否通順流暢，用詞是否得當(dāng)，意思是否正確等。如，第2小題，考查固定搭配，enjoy doing sth.“喜歡做某事”，故答案填studying。第10小題，考查時態(tài)，根據(jù)本文時態(tài)為一般過去時，可知此處應(yīng)用spend的過去式spent，故答案填spent。

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