Question

【題目】Smoke alarms(報警器)

House fires cause many deaths each year and a large number of these fires are unfortunately set by children.【1】Kids must understand that they’d better not play with fire. You should keep matches and lighters out of their reach.

【2】 The main job of such an alarm is to protect you while you're asleep. You should have a smoke alarm outside each bedroom and on each floor of your home. You ought to have two plans for getting out of your house if there is a fire and practise these plans in the dark with your family.

A smoke alarm warns you of the danger. 【3】Take action immediately. When you come to a closed door, check it with the back of your hand. If it feels hot, there may be smoke or fire behind the door, so take care. Once you are out of your house, call the fire department from a neighbor's house. If a family member or a pet is caught inside, you shouldn’t go back in. Firemen know how to perform rescues safely.

【4】 Change the batteries at least once a year. You should use the test button each month to see if the alarm and batteries are still working. A smoke alarm lasts about ten years. You ought to change it even if it seems to be working.

About two out of three fire deaths happen in homes with no working smoke alarms.【5】

A. Most of these deaths can be avoided

B. But when you hear it, you don t have much time

C. A smoke alarm is only good if it's working properly

D. So, it's important to teach them that fire is a tool, not a toy

E. A smoke alarm greatly reduces your chances of being hurt in a fire

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】E

【3】B

【4】C

【5】A

【解析】

房屋火災每年都造成很多人死亡，并且很多火災都是有兒童引起的，因此有必要教給孩子們不要玩火。為了以防萬一，家里可以安裝煙霧報警器，它能大大減少火災中受傷的可能性。這篇短文對使用煙霧報警器給了我們一些建議。

【1】空前這句話House fires cause many deaths each year and a large number of these fires are unfortunately set by children.提到“很多火災都是由孩子們引起的”；空格后Kids must understand that they’d better not play with fire提到“孩子們最好不要玩火”，前后為因果關(guān)系，因此這里應起到承接上文，并引出文章主題的作用，故應選D，意為“因此教給他們火是工具，而不是玩具是很重要的”。

【2】下句話The main job of such an alarm is to protect you while you're asleep提到了煙霧報警器的作用，這個空位于該段的第一句話，應該是對整段內(nèi)容的概括，故應選E，意為“煙霧報警器大大降低了你在火災中受傷的可能性”。

【3】根據(jù)空格前A smoke alarm warns you of the danger.可知，煙霧報警器可以警告我們有危險；空格后的這句話Take action immediately.要我們馬上采取行動，因此當你聽到煙霧報警器響的時候，逃離的時間就不多了，故應選B，與空后形成因果關(guān)系。

【4】根據(jù)這一段的內(nèi)容Change the batteries at least once a year. You should use the test button each month to see if the alarm and batteries are still working.可知，這一段中告訴我們要注意更換煙霧報警器的電池，每個月應使用測試按鈕，看看報警器和電池是否還在工作。故這一段是想告訴我們煙霧報警器只有在正常工作時才是管用的。故應選C。

【5】空格前About two out of three fire deaths happen in homes with no working smoke alarms提到，大約有三分之二的火災死亡事件都是由于沒有煙霧報警器，A選項中的these deaths呼應了上句話的內(nèi)容，故應選A，意為“大多數(shù)死亡案例是可以避免的”。

這篇短文是一篇科普說明文，講述了煙霧報警器的作用。文章主題明確，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，比較容易理解。題型是選擇適當?shù)木渥友a充短文，題目中給出了五個句子，要求填到文章中的五個地方，這一題型考查的是學生們的閱讀理解能力以及邏輯推理能力。做題時，應先通讀短文，了解大意；然后閱讀后面的五個句子，弄清楚每句話的意思，然后分析文章上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，尤其注意空前后的句子，選擇最佳的答案。注意先易后難，容易的題目解決了，剩下的句子少了，解題的難度就降低了。例如第3小題，根據(jù)空格前A smoke alarm warns you of the danger.可知，煙霧報警器可以警告我們有危險；空格后的這句話Take action immediately.要我們馬上采取行動，因此當你聽到煙霧報警器響的時候，逃離的時間就不多了，故應選B，與空后形成因果關(guān)系。