Question

【題目】 Americans will long remember President Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States.

At the age of 19, Abraham Lincoln took a boat down the Ohio River to New Orleans. There Lincoln saw for the first time slaves being sold in the marketplace. At that time, Lincoln made up his mind to work to end slavery for the rest of his life.

In 1836, Lincoln became a lawyer and was famous for being hard-working and honest. He believed that the US stood for freedom for all. He wanted to become a senator (參議員). In 1858, Lincoln debated(爭論) against Stephen Douglas who was also a candidate for the Senate from Illinois.

Because of the Lincoln-Douglas debates, Lincoln became known across the country. Then he decided to run for the presidency in 1860. At last he ran against Stephen Douglas and two other candidates.

Lincoln took the oath (誓言) of office to become president of the United States on March 4, 1861. It was a difficult time to be president. Many southern states did not agree with Lincoln about canceling slavery, and declared(宣布) that they were no longer part of the US. The famous Civil War began in April, 1861.

Lincoln’s Union Army fought the Southern Confederate Armies. Many soldiers were killed in the battles. One of the battles took place in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. In 1863, a ceremony was held to memorize the dead on the Gettysburg battlefield. Lincoln made a famous speech known as the Gettysburg Address.

Unfortunately, Lincoln was shot while watching a play at Ford’s Theatre and passed away on the morning of April 15, 1865.

【1】Lincoln decided to work to end slavery because .

A. he became a lawyer

B. slaves were not sold in the marketplace

C. he expected the freedom for all

D. slaves mustn’t work for their lives

【2】What’s the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 3?

A. 自由人B. 候選人C. 州長D. 奴隸主

【3】Lincoln was elected to be the president of the US in .

A. 1858B. 1860C. 1861D. 1863

【4】The Civil War broke out in the US because .

A. many southern states didn’t support Lincoln

B. southern states were not a part of the US

C. lincoln was shot at the theater

D. many soldiers were killed in the battles

【5】Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Lincoln passed away in the year of becoming a president.

B. Slaves could be sold in the marketplaces after 1865.

C. Stephen Douglas became famous for the speech in Gettysburg.

D. Lincoln made a great contribution to ending the slavery.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】C

【4】A

【5】D

【解析】

本文介紹了美國歷史中林肯廢除奴隸制度從而進行美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的過程。

【1】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)There Lincoln saw for the first time slaves being sold in the marketplace. At that time, Lincoln made up his mind to work to end slavery for the rest of his life. 在那里，林肯第一次看到奴隸在市場上被買賣。那時，林肯下定決心要繼續(xù)工作，結束奴隸制度，給奴隸自由。故選C。

【2】詞意猜測題。句子In 1858, Lincoln debated(爭論) against Stephen Douglas who was also a candidate for the Senate from Illinois.的意思是：1858年，林肯與史蒂芬·道格拉斯（Stephen Douglas）辯論，后者也是伊利諾伊州的參議院候選人。所以candidate意思是“候選人”，故選B。

【3】細節(jié)理解題。由句子Lincoln took the oath (誓言) of office to become president of the United States on March 4, 1861. 林肯于1861年3月4日宣誓就任美國總統(tǒng)。故選C。

【4】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Many southern states did not agree with Lincoln about canceling slavery, and declared(宣布) that they were no longer part of the US. The famous Civil War began in April, 1861. 許多南方州不同意林肯取消奴隸制，并宣布他們不再是美國的一部分。因此內(nèi)戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)。故選A。

【5】細節(jié)理解題。由句子Unfortunately, Lincoln was shot while watching a play at Ford’s Theatre and passed away on the morning of April 15, 1865.可知，林肯是在1865年被槍殺。因此A錯誤；根據(jù)第五段可知，1861年林肯宣布廢除奴隸制度，所以B錯誤；根據(jù)Lincoln made a famous speech known as the Gettysburg Address. 林肯發(fā)表了著名的葛底斯堡演說。可知，在葛底斯堡發(fā)表演講的是林肯而不是道格拉斯。所以C錯誤；通讀文章可知，林肯為結束奴隸制度做出了巨大的貢獻，故答案為D。

用細節(jié)定位法來做細節(jié)理解題。

細節(jié)理解題屬直接解答性問題，是閱讀理解題中最簡單的一種，多數(shù)屬中低難度的送分題。但由于中考所占的比例很大，應特別引起注意。

事實和細節(jié)題的命題特點是：把某詞語、某個句子或某具體事實用不同于原文的另一方式或句型表達，即同義改寫。解答這類題的竅門是：A)注意掌握英語的多種表達法；B）正確分析詞語在句中的作用；C）熟練運用英語的句型轉換；D）讀懂題干所提出的問題，并準確地找到文中涉及該問題的句子。

做細節(jié)題具體方法與步驟如下：

略讀材料,大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。

按文章的體裁，作者寫作的組織模式及有關的信息詞，如for example，first，second…等預測應該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實。

將自己精力放在尋找你所需要的細節(jié)上，快速通篇跳讀，眼睛自左至右，自上而下呈Z形掃視，直到找到細節(jié)出處，待找到含細節(jié)句子時，放慢速度，仔細核對比較內(nèi)容，直至找到答案。