Question

【題目】 A new rubbish sorting system(垃圾分類系統(tǒng)) has been put into use in Fangchengyuan Community in Beijing. Local people not only sort their rubbish, but also put QR codes(二維碼) on it.

"When the rubbish is collected and the codes are seen, I will get reward points to exchange for small gifts and even some money," one of the local people told reporters. "It's really creative and encouraging."

This smart system has been carried out in 350 communities in Beijing. The capital of China has joined a list of cities in the country that take action to support rubbish sorting. For example, Shenzhen and Shanghai have made laws to punish people and organization for not sorting rubbish correctly.

China produces quite a lot of rubbish every year. Much of the rubbish is buried(填埋) in soil or burned without being sorted. Landfills(填埋場) take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can produce harmful gases. Through rubbish sorting, we can reduce the use of landfills and air pollution.

What's more, rubbish sorting saves resources, which could bring economic benefits(經(jīng)濟利益). For example, a ton of waste paper can be reused to make about 850 kg of paper, saving 17 trees and 50 percent of water. Because of their benefits, some countries have developed successful sorting systems.

Japan has a strict and detailed system. When people throw away a water bottle, the cap, the wrapper(包裝紙) and the bottle itself have to go into three different bins. Every year, families receive special rubbish sorting timetables and directions from their local governments. They are advised to follow the timetables and directions when they throw away rubbish.

In Australia, every family is provided with three rubbish bins — the red lid(蓋子) bin for "general waste" like food and plastic bags, the yellow lid bin for "recycling" like steel and glass, and the green lid bin for "green waste" such as grass and leaves. On the streets, the bins are printed with pictures of the things that are allowed inside. It makes recycling quite easy.

【1】What will local people probably get if they put daily rubbish into the new system in Fangchengyuan Community?

A. A computer.B. A car.C. A lot of money.D. Some small gifts.

【2】Which of the following is NOT the consequence(后果) of burying rubbish?

A. Polluting soil.B. Polluting water.C. Taking up a lot of land.D. Saving resources.

【3】In Australia, which bin should you put food left after dinner in?

A. The red lid bin.B. The yellow lid bin.

C. The green lid bin.D. The black lid bin.

【4】Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A. In Australia, the green lid bin is used for all kinds of recyclable(可回收的) wastes.

B. In Japan, all kinds of things for recycling are printed on rubbish bins.

C. Japanese people cannot throw a bottle into a bin unless they move away the wrapper first.

D. Australian people have to obey local timetables and directions to throw away rubbish strictly.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】D

【3】A

【4】C

【解析】

文章介紹了中國一些城市使用垃圾分類系統(tǒng)的情況，以前使用垃圾填埋污染附近的水和土壤，焚燒垃圾污染空氣，垃圾分類減少了污染，還產(chǎn)生經(jīng)濟效益，也介紹了日本和澳大利亞垃圾分類的情況。

【1】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)When the rubbish is collected and the codes are seen, I will get reward points to exchange for small gifts and even some money,可知，居民把垃圾分類后，他們能得到一個下禮物甚至一些錢；故選D。

【2】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Landfills(填埋場) take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can produce harmful gases.可知，填埋場占用大量土地，污染土壤和水，燃燒垃圾產(chǎn)生有害氣體；故選D。

【3】細節(jié)理解題。In Australia, every family is provided with three rubbish bins — the red lid(蓋子) bin for "general waste" like food and plastic bags,可知，食物應放在紅色蓋子的垃圾桶里；故選A。

【4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)In Australia, every family is provided with three rubbish bins — the red lid(蓋子) bin for "general waste" like food and plastic bags, the yellow lid bin for "recycling" like steel and glass, and the green lid bin for "green waste" such as grass and leaves.可知A不對；根據(jù)On the streets, the bins are printed with pictures of the things that are allowed inside.可知B不對；根據(jù)When people throw away a water bottle, the cap, the wrapper(包裝紙) and the bottle itself have to go into three different bins.可知C對；根據(jù)Every year, families receive special rubbish sorting timetables and directions from their local governments. They are advised to follow the timetables and directions when they throw away rubbish.可知是日本，不是澳大利亞，所以D不對；故選C。

短文閱讀，做題時要結(jié)合文章的特點，題目涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷，做題時要在了解文章大意的基礎上，結(jié)合題目針對不同的題型采用不同的解答方式，比如細節(jié)理解題，我們要抓住里面的最有效的信息選擇出正確的答案，總之理解透文章是做好一篇閱讀理解的關鍵。例如：小題2 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Landfills(填埋場) take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can produce harmful gases.可知，填埋場占用大量土地，污染土壤和水，燃燒垃圾產(chǎn)生有害氣體；故選D。